为非专业照护者设计和评估信息技术应用：范围综述。

Designing and Evaluating IT Applications for Informal Caregivers: Scoping Review.

机构信息

Department of Informatics and Media, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden.

Division of Visual Information and Interaction, Department of Information Technology, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden.

出版信息

J Med Internet Res. 2024 Oct 23;26:e57393. doi: 10.2196/57393.

DOI:10.2196/57393

PMID:39442167

原文链接:https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC11541158/

Abstract

BACKGROUND

Informal caregivers, often family members or friends, play a crucial role in supporting individuals with chronic illnesses, disabilities, or age-related needs. However, the demands of caregiving can be overwhelming, leading to stress, burnout, and negative impacts on caregivers' well-being. IT applications have emerged as potential solutions to support informal caregivers, but their design and evaluation often lack a comprehensive understanding of caregivers' needs and preferences. By understanding caregivers' perspectives on these issues, this review aimed to inform the development of more effective and user-centered IT solutions that truly support caregivers' needs.

OBJECTIVE

The purpose of this study was to conduct a scoping review to outline design recommendations for IT applications gathered from informal caregivers. In addition, this study presents evaluations of the use of IT applications by informal caregivers.

METHODS

A five-step scoping review methodology was used to map relevant literature in the following manner: (1) research question identification, (2) relevant study identification, (3) selection of pertinent studies for review, (4) data charting from the selected literature, and (5) summarization and reporting of results. A structured search was conducted across the PubMed, Scopus, IEEE Xplore Digital Library, Web of Science, and ACM Digital Library databases. In addition, reference list hand searches and keyword searches in Google Scholar were undertaken. The inclusion criteria comprised research articles (journal and conference) focusing on IT applications tailored for informal caregivers, primarily qualitative studies. Two reviewers independently identified articles for review and extracted the data. Conflicts were resolved through discussion, with a third reviewer consulted if consensus could not be attained. Thematic analysis was used to analyze the data.

RESULTS

A total of 82 articles were selected for the scoping review-44 (54%) related to design and 39 (48%) related to evaluation of IT applications. Six overarching themes emerged related to designing IT applications: information access, support systems, streamlining care-related tasks, fostering informal caregivers' well-being, communication with formal health care professionals, and task support. Furthermore, 3 broad themes emerged related to the evaluation of IT applications for informal caregivers: facilitators of using IT applications, barriers to using IT applications, and suggestions for improving IT applications for informal caregivers.

CONCLUSIONS

To our knowledge, this is the first study to map the literature on the design and evaluation of IT applications for informal caregivers. This scoping review outlines current practices and recommendations for designing and evaluating the use of IT applications for informal caregivers. It identifies 6 key design themes and 3 evaluation themes, offering valuable insights for future development in this field. These findings provide a road map for enhancing user-centric IT solutions in informal caregiver support technologies.

INTERNATIONAL REGISTERED REPORT IDENTIFIER (IRRID): RR2-10.2196/47650.

摘要

背景

在支持患有慢性病、残疾或与年龄相关需求的个人方面，非专业护理人员（通常是家庭成员或朋友）发挥着至关重要的作用。然而，护理工作的需求可能会让人不堪重负，导致压力、倦怠和对护理人员健康的负面影响。信息技术应用已经成为支持非专业护理人员的潜在解决方案，但它们的设计和评估往往缺乏对护理人员需求和偏好的全面了解。通过了解护理人员对这些问题的看法，本综述旨在为更有效的、以用户为中心的信息技术解决方案的开发提供信息，这些解决方案真正满足护理人员的需求。

目的

本研究旨在进行范围综述，概述从非专业护理人员那里收集的信息技术应用的设计建议。此外，本研究还介绍了非专业护理人员使用信息技术应用的评估。

方法

采用五步范围综述方法，以以下方式绘制相关文献：（1）研究问题识别，（2）相关研究识别，（3）选择相关文献进行综述，（4）从选定文献中提取数据，（5）总结和报告结果。在 PubMed、Scopus、IEEE Xplore 数字图书馆、Web of Science 和 ACM 数字图书馆数据库中进行了结构化搜索。此外，还进行了参考文献手动搜索和 Google Scholar 中的关键字搜索。纳入标准包括专注于为非专业护理人员量身定制的信息技术应用的研究文章（期刊和会议），主要是定性研究。两名审查员独立识别文章进行审查并提取数据。通过讨论解决冲突，如果不能达成共识，则咨询第三名审查员。使用主题分析对数据进行分析。

结果

共选择了 82 篇文章进行范围综述-44 篇（54%）与设计相关，39 篇（48%）与信息技术应用的评估相关。与设计信息技术应用相关的六个总体主题包括：信息访问、支持系统、简化与护理相关的任务、促进非专业护理人员的健康、与正式医疗保健专业人员的沟通以及任务支持。此外，与评估非专业护理人员使用的信息技术应用相关的三个广泛主题包括：使用信息技术应用的促进因素、使用信息技术应用的障碍以及改进非专业护理人员使用的信息技术应用的建议。

结论

据我们所知，这是第一项针对非专业护理人员使用的信息技术应用的设计和评估文献进行映射的研究。本范围综述概述了设计和评估非专业护理人员使用的信息技术应用的当前实践和建议。它确定了 6 个关键设计主题和 3 个评估主题，为该领域的未来发展提供了有价值的见解。这些发现为增强以用户为中心的非正式护理支持技术中的信息技术解决方案提供了路线图。

国际注册报告标识符（IRRID）：RR2-10.2196/47650。