Faculty of Agriculture and Technology, University of South Bohemia in České Budějovice, Studentska 1668, 37005, České Budějovice, Czech Republic.
Faculty of Agriculture and Technology, University of South Bohemia in České Budějovice, Studentska 1668, 37005, České Budějovice, Czech Republic; Institute of Soil Biology and Biogeochemistry, Biology Centre of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Na Sádkách 7, 37005, České Budějovice, Czech Republic.
Chemosphere. 2024 Nov;367:143565. doi: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2024.143565. Epub 2024 Oct 21.
Sewage sludge, a byproduct of wastewater treatment, poses serious environmental and health risks due to its content of organic contaminants, heavy metals, and pathogenic microorganisms. With the growing global production of municipal wastewater, finding effective methods for managing and disposing of sewage sludge has become increasingly urgent. Traditional methods such as land disposal, dumping, and incineration have limitations and environmental drawbacks. However, recent advancements have shown promise in the valorization of sewage sludge, particularly through pyrolysis, which converts it into biochar for use in soil amendment and pollutant mitigation. This study aims to characterize and fractionate phosphate-amended sewage sludge biochar produced at 300 °C, 400 °C, and 500 °C, and to evaluate its potential use in soil-plant systems. It examines nutrient bioavailability in soil after the addition of this biochar and its effects on plant growth. The pyrolysis process resulted in biochar with high alkalinity (7.2-11.1), ash content ranging from 56.9% to 87.3%, and significant phosphorus retention, with phosphorus concentrations increasing with pyrolysis temperature (5.35%-9.38%). Phosphorus fractionation showed a shift toward more stable fractions particularly at 500 °C. Soil incubation experiments indicated increased phosphorus availability with HCl-extractable P showing a high extraction efficiency of up to 94.95%. In plant growth experiments, the amended biochar significantly enhanced growth, with corn showing an increase of up to 28.8% and wheat showing an increase of up to 86% compared to the control in the first four weeks after emergence. These findings indicate that phosphate-amended sewage sludge biochar enhances nutrient availability and supports plant growth, providing a sustainable solution for sewage sludge management, contributing to soil improvement and carbon sequestration, thereby addressing global environmental challenges.
污水污泥是废水处理的副产品，由于其含有有机污染物、重金属和致病微生物，因此对环境和健康构成严重风险。随着全球城市废水产量的增加，寻找有效管理和处置污水污泥的方法变得越来越紧迫。传统的方法，如土地处置、倾倒和焚烧，都存在局限性和环境缺陷。然而，最近的进展表明，通过热解将污水污泥转化为生物炭，用于土壤改良和污染物缓解，是实现污水污泥增值利用的有前途的方法。本研究旨在对在 300°C、400°C 和 500°C 下生产的添加磷酸盐的污水污泥生物炭进行特征描述和分级，并评估其在土壤-植物系统中的潜在用途。研究考察了添加这种生物炭后土壤中养分的生物有效性及其对植物生长的影响。热解过程产生了高碱性（7.2-11.1）、灰分含量在 56.9%至 87.3%之间的生物炭，并且具有显著的磷保留能力，磷浓度随热解温度升高而增加（5.35%-9.38%）。磷分级显示出向更稳定的分数转移的趋势，特别是在 500°C 时。土壤孵育实验表明，随着 HCl 可提取磷的增加，磷的有效性增加，最高提取效率可达 94.95%。在植物生长实验中，添加生物炭显著促进了植物的生长，与对照相比，玉米在发芽后前四周的生长增加了高达 28.8%，而小麦的生长增加了高达 86%。这些发现表明，添加磷酸盐的污水污泥生物炭增强了养分的有效性，并支持植物的生长，为污水污泥管理提供了一种可持续的解决方案，有助于土壤改良和碳封存，从而应对全球环境挑战。
