[Expression of S100A4 in mast cells and diagnostic values of serum S100A4 in allergic asthma].

Objective To preliminarily investigate the potential involvement of the calcium-binding protein S100A4 in the lipid metabolism of mast cells and its clinical significance in allergic asthma. Methods The allergic asthma-related expression matrix, GSE213085, was downloaded from the GEO database, and the data visualization were visualized by the R package. C57 mast cells were used for further knockdown of S100A4 by lentivirus transfection. Western blot analysis and real-time fluorescence quantitative PCR (RT-qPCR) were used to measure the levels of S100A4 protein and mRNA, respectively. Furthermore, the mRNA expression of lipid metabolic-relevant molecules ATP citrate synthase (ACLY), acetyl-CoA-carboxylase 1 (ACC1), CD36, solute carrier family 27a member 6 (SCL27a6), and peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor alpha (PPARα) were evaluated using RT-qPCR. The peripheral blood was collected from patients with allergic asthma and healthy control subjects, and the levels of serum S100A4 were measured by ELISA. The receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve was plotted to analyze the diagnostic efficacy of S100A4 for the disease, and the area under the curve (AUC) was calculated. Results 26 225 cells were identified using the scRNA dataset GSE213085, and mast cells were extracted for subsequent analyses. Genes for mast cell-markers were concentrated in metabolism-related pathways, as revealed by functional enrichment analysis. S100A4 knockdown in mast cells suppressed the expression of ACLY, ACC1, CD36, SCL27a6, and PPARα. Increased levels of S100A4 were observed in the serum of patients with allergic asthma compared to healthy controls. The ROC curve showed that serum S100A4 has diagnostic efficacy for allergic asthma (AUC=0.746). Conclusion S100A4 may be involved in the regulation of the lipid metabolism of mast cells, and may contribute to the personalized diagnosis and treatment of patients with allergic asthma.