Lima Jacqueline Zanin, Rodrigues Valéria Guimarães Silvestre
Department of Geotechnical Engineering, São Carlos School of Engineering, University of São Paulo, São Carlos, SP, 13560-970, Brazil.
Environ Manage. 2025 Feb;75(2):392-401. doi: 10.1007/s00267-024-02067-0. Epub 2024 Oct 24.
Contamination by arsenic (As) is a pressing environmental and public health issue requiring urgent remediation strategies. One cost-effective and eco-friendly method involves adding stabilizing agents to soils to reduce As mobility. However, remediation projects must also address potential ecotoxicological effects. These effects may include harmful impacts on both aquatic and terrestrial organisms, including plants, disruption of ecosystem balance, and the potential bioaccumulation of toxic substances in the food chain. Biochar from organic fraction of municipal solid waste (OFMSW) shows promise for As-contaminated soil remediation. Pot experiments were conducted with soil contaminated with As (100 mg kg) and amended with biochar produced at three different temperatures (300, 500, and 700 °C) and addition rates (1 and 5%, w/w). Chemical fractionation showed higher As concentration in a less accessible fraction (F4). Biochar amendments did not significantly differ from the control in As immobilization, but enhanced maize (Zea mays) growth and reduced As uptake, with the most promising results seen with 1% of biochar produced at 700 °C. The bioaccumulation factor (BCF) and translocation factor (TF) were both lower than 1, indicating a low absorption of As and minimal translocation from the root to the shoot. The bioaccessible percentage was higher in the samples treated with biochar compared to the control. According to the results, biochar showed no satisfactory potential for As immobilization and its approach of pretreatment/modification should be tested regarding possible improvements in the immobilization performance of As. Since most contaminations involve multiple contaminants simultaneously, it is essential to test the interactions between arsenic and other pollutants to understand the effects of biochar in such complex scenarios, which will be explored in future studies. Graphical abstract.
砷（As）污染是一个紧迫的环境和公共卫生问题，需要紧急的修复策略。一种具有成本效益且环保的方法是向土壤中添加稳定剂以降低砷的迁移性。然而，修复项目还必须解决潜在的生态毒理学效应。这些效应可能包括对水生和陆生生物（包括植物）的有害影响、生态系统平衡的破坏以及有毒物质在食物链中的潜在生物累积。城市固体废弃物有机部分（OFMSW）产生的生物炭在砷污染土壤修复方面显示出前景。进行了盆栽试验，使用受砷污染（100 mg/kg）的土壤，并添加在三种不同温度（300、500和700°C）和添加率（1%和5%，w/w）下产生的生物炭。化学分级显示在较难获取的部分（F4）中砷浓度较高。生物炭改良在砷固定方面与对照没有显著差异，但促进了玉米（Zea mays）生长并减少了砷吸收，其中在700°C下产生的1%生物炭效果最为显著。生物累积因子（BCF）和转运因子（TF）均低于1，表明砷吸收低且从根到地上部的转运极少。与对照相比，生物炭处理的样品中生物可利用百分比更高。根据结果，生物炭在砷固定方面没有显示出令人满意的潜力，其预处理/改性方法应针对砷固定性能的可能改善进行测试。由于大多数污染同时涉及多种污染物，因此测试砷与其他污染物之间的相互作用以了解生物炭在这种复杂情况下的影响至关重要，这将在未来的研究中进行探索。图形摘要。
