Department of Pediatrics, the First Affiliated Hospital of Xiamen University, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, China.
Department of Pediatrics, Pediatric Key Laboratory of Xiamen, the First Affiliated Hospital of Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, China.
Front Public Health. 2024 Oct 9;12:1437508. doi: 10.3389/fpubh.2024.1437508. eCollection 2024.
To counteract the COVID-19 pandemic, nonpharmaceutical interventions (NPIs) were implemented globally, exerting a profound influence on a wide spectrum of infectious diseases, encompassing respiratory tract infections (RTIs). Subsequent to the easing of NPIs, China experienced a significant outbreak of (MP).
Over a decade from 2015 to 2024, our study scrutinized 12 common infectious diseases among pediatric children. Etiologically diagnostic data and clinical outcome metrics of children with RTIs, tested for 13 pathogens, were analyzed to evaluate changes during and after the pandemic compared to pre-pandemic periods, with a notable emphasis on age profile and coinfection patterns of MP.
Among 57,471 hospitalized children, 23,178 were diagnosed with infectious diseases. Under NPIs, most respiratory infections declined compared to pre-pandemic levels, rebounding by 69.64% in 2023. While the infection rate of common respiratory pathogens decreased, cases of respiratory syncytial virus increased during the period of extensive NPI implementation. In 2023, pediatric intensive care unit durations for these pathogens increased, suggesting greater severity of illness compared to 2019. MP exhibited the highest infection rate (31.38% average), with a notable outbreak post-pandemic due to severity increase in <3 year olds and rise among older children. NPIs reduced MP coinfections and mitigated their severity, while exerting a significant influence on bacterial coinfections with MP over the span of 5 years, in contrast to their impact on viral pathogens.
NPIs effectively curb transmission of respiratory infections by most pathogens, resulting in increased average age of MP infections and altered patterns of coinfection post-pandemic.
为应对 COVID-19 大流行，全球实施了非药物干预措施（NPIs），对广泛的传染病产生了深远影响，包括呼吸道感染（RTIs）。在 NPIs 放松后，中国经历了一次大规模的（MP）爆发。
在 2015 年至 2024 年的十年间，我们研究了儿科儿童的 12 种常见传染病。通过分析对 13 种病原体进行检测的 RTIs 儿童的病因诊断数据和临床结果指标，评估了大流行期间和之后与大流行前时期相比的变化，特别强调了 MP 的年龄分布和合并感染模式。
在 57471 名住院儿童中，有 23178 名被诊断患有传染病。在 NPIs 下，与大流行前水平相比，大多数呼吸道感染下降，2023 年反弹 69.64%。虽然常见呼吸道病原体的感染率下降，但呼吸道合胞病毒的病例在 NPIs 广泛实施期间有所增加。在 2023 年，这些病原体的儿科重症监护病房持续时间增加，表明与 2019 年相比，疾病的严重程度更高。MP 表现出最高的感染率（平均 31.38%），由于<3 岁儿童的严重程度增加和年龄较大儿童的增加，大流行后出现了显著的爆发。NPIs 减少了 MP 的合并感染并减轻了其严重程度，同时对 5 年内 MP 与细菌的合并感染产生了重大影响，与对病毒病原体的影响形成对比。
NPIs 有效地遏制了大多数病原体的呼吸道感染传播，导致 MP 感染的平均年龄增加，并在大流行后改变了合并感染的模式。
