Neupane Subin B, Schmidt Jason M, Snyder William E, Hudson William G, Wang Xingeng, Buffington Matthew, Daane Kent M, Sial Ashfaq A
Department of Entomology, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, USA.
Department of Entomology, University of Georgia, Tifton, GA, USA.
Environ Entomol. 2024 Dec 16;53(6):966-972. doi: 10.1093/ee/nvae086.
Drosophila suzukii (Matsumura) (Diptera: Drosophilidae), commonly known as spotted-wing Drosophila (SWD), is an invasive insect pest threatening the economy of many small fruit farms in the Americas and Europe. Biological control using parasitoids is a promising strategy for improving the sustainable management of SWD. To use the parasitoids as biocontrol agents, recognizing and understanding the presence and preference of North American native parasitoids and their local adaptation is necessary. We conducted 2 season-long field explorations of North American native parasitoids of SWD during 2021 and 2022 at major blueberry-producing locations in southeast GA, USA. A total of 371 parasitoids of Drosophila were collected using fruit-baited sentinel traps and classified into 3 families: Figitidae, Pteromalidae, and Diapriidae. Leptopilina boulardi (Hymenoptera: Figitidae) and Pachycrepoideus vindemmiae (Hymenoptera: Pteromalidae) were the most abundant species. The abundance of parasitoids was higher during the peak blueberry ripening period through the end of the harvest season compared to all other phenological stages. Out of the North American native parasitoids of SWD that we collected, Pachycrepoideus vindemmiae successfully parasitized SWD in its natural habitat, and L. boulardi only parasitized SWD larvae at a low rate of 7% in the laboratory, but it failed to emerge from all the parasitized SWD. Ultimately, we found that the existing North American native parasitoids were inadequate to suppress the SWD in these locations. Planned intervention with the classical release of Asian native specialist parasitoids in addition to the existing SWD management approaches was deemed necessary in these areas.
铃木果蝇（松村）（双翅目：果蝇科），俗称斑翅果蝇（SWD），是一种入侵性害虫，威胁着美洲和欧洲许多小型水果农场的经济。利用寄生蜂进行生物防治是改善斑翅果蝇可持续管理的一种有前景的策略。为了将寄生蜂用作生物防治剂，识别和了解北美本土寄生蜂的存在、偏好及其当地适应性是必要的。2021年和2022年，我们在美国佐治亚州东南部主要蓝莓产区进行了为期两个季节的北美本土斑翅果蝇寄生蜂野外探索。使用水果诱饵哨兵诱捕器共收集了371只果蝇寄生蜂，并将其分为3个科：枝跗瘿蜂科、金小蜂科和姬小蜂科。布氏细颚姬蜂（膜翅目：枝跗瘿蜂科）和温氏厚缘金小蜂（膜翅目：金小蜂科）是最丰富的物种。与所有其他物候阶段相比，在蓝莓成熟高峰期至收获季节结束期间，寄生蜂的数量更多。在我们收集的北美本土斑翅果蝇寄生蜂中，温氏厚缘金小蜂在其自然栖息地成功寄生了斑翅果蝇，而布氏细颚姬蜂在实验室中仅以7%的低比率寄生斑翅果蝇幼虫，但未能从所有被寄生的斑翅果蝇中羽化。最终，我们发现现有的北美本土寄生蜂不足以在这些地区抑制斑翅果蝇。除了现有的斑翅果蝇管理方法外，在这些地区计划引入亚洲本土专业寄生蜂进行经典释放干预被认为是必要的。
