Student Research Committee, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran.
Department of Nutrition, School of Medicine, Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Urmia, Iran.
Sci Rep. 2024 Oct 24;14(1):25145. doi: 10.1038/s41598-024-77165-4.
Diabetes and its complications pose a significant threat to global health. Various factors contribute to the development of diabetes, with diet being an important trigger. The Dietary Quality Index-International (DQI-I) serves as an indicator of changes in diet and its association with chronic diseases, including diabetes. The aim of this study is to examine the association between DQI-I and diabetes in adults. Data from the first phase of the Ravansar Non-Communicable Disease Cohort Study (RaNCD) were used for this cross-sectional study. The study included individuals from western Iran aged between 35 and 65 years. The DQI-I was used to assess diet quality and the essential aspects of a healthy diet. Multiple logistic regression analyses were performed to compare DQI-I total score and diabetes. A total of 7,079 individuals were included, including 608 diabetic and 6,471 healthy individuals. The mean DQI-I score was 60.51 ± 8.47 in healthy individuals and 63.12 ± 8.64 in diabetics. The odds of developing diabetes were higher in individuals with a higher DQI-I (adjusted odds ratio: 1.49, 95% CI: 1.30-1.73). The variety was 13.43 ± 4.47 in diabetics and 12.59 ± 4.79 in healthy individuals. Adequacy was 33.23 ± 3.71 in diabetics and 33.79 ± 3.37 in healthy individuals. Moderation was 13.27 ± 6.05 in diabetics and 11.79 ± 5.47 in healthy individuals. The overall balance was 2.88 ± 2.21 in the healthy group and 2.61 ± 2.13 in the diabetics. The macronutrient ratio was 2.15 ± 1.88 in the healthy group and 2.04 ± 1.84 in the diabetics. The fatty acid ratio was 0.72 ± 1.29 in the healthy group and 0.56 ± 1.17 in the diabetic group. The overall balance score was higher in the healthy subjects. The DQI-I total score was higher in diabetics, indicating a positive association between diabetes and the DQI-I. Therefore, the importance of continuous dietary management and education of diabetic patients should be emphasized.
糖尿病及其并发症对全球健康构成重大威胁。多种因素导致糖尿病的发生，饮食是一个重要的诱发因素。饮食质量指数-国际（DQI-I）是衡量饮食变化及其与包括糖尿病在内的慢性疾病关系的指标。本研究旨在探讨 DQI-I 与成年人糖尿病之间的关系。这项横断面研究使用了伊朗西部 Ravansar 非传染性疾病队列研究（RaNCD）第一阶段的数据。该研究纳入了年龄在 35 至 65 岁之间的个体。DQI-I 用于评估饮食质量和健康饮食的基本方面。采用多因素逻辑回归分析比较 DQI-I 总分和糖尿病。共纳入 7079 名个体，其中 608 名糖尿病患者和 6471 名健康个体。健康个体的 DQI-I 平均得分为 60.51±8.47，糖尿病患者的 DQI-I 平均得分为 63.12±8.64。DQI-I 较高的个体发生糖尿病的可能性更高（调整后的优势比：1.49，95%CI：1.30-1.73）。糖尿病患者的多样性为 13.43±4.47，健康个体为 12.59±4.79。糖尿病患者的充足度为 33.23±3.71，健康个体为 33.79±3.37。糖尿病患者的适度为 13.27±6.05，健康个体为 11.79±5.47。健康组的整体平衡为 2.88±2.21，糖尿病组为 2.61±2.13。健康组的宏量营养素比例为 2.15±1.88，糖尿病组为 2.04±1.84。健康组的脂肪酸比例为 0.72±1.29，糖尿病组为 0.56±1.17。健康组的整体平衡评分较高。糖尿病患者的 DQI-I 总分较高，表明糖尿病与 DQI-I 之间存在正相关关系。因此，应强调对糖尿病患者进行持续的饮食管理和教育。
