Klepp Laura Inés, Blanco Federico Carlos, Bigi María Mercedes, Vázquez Cristina Lourdes, García Elizabeth Andrea, Sabio Y García Julia, Bigi Fabiana
Instituto de Agrobiotecnología y Biología Molecular (IABIMO) INTA-CONICET, N. Repetto and De los Reseros, Hurlingham 1686, Buenos Aires, Argentina.
Instituto de Biotecnología, CICVyA, Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria, N. Repetto and De los Reseros, Hurlingham 1686, Buenos Aires, Argentina.
Antibodies (Basel). 2024 Oct 9;13(4):84. doi: 10.3390/antib13040084.
The development of vaccines and effective diagnostic methods for bovine tuberculosis requires an understanding of the immune response against its causative agent, . Although this disease is primarily investigated and diagnosed through the assessment of cell-mediated immunity, the role of B cells and antibodies in bovine tuberculosis has been relatively undervalued and understudied. Current evidence indicates that circulating -specific antibodies are not effective in controlling the disease. However, local humoral immune responses may contribute to either defence or pathology. Recent studies in animal models and cattle vaccine trials suggest a potential beneficial role of B cells in tuberculosis control. This review discusses the role of B cells and antibodies in bovine tuberculosis and explores antibody-based diagnostics for the disease, including traditional techniques, such as different ELISA, new platforms based on multiple antigens and point-of-care technologies. The high specificity and sensitivity values achieved by numerous antibody-based tests support their use as complementary tests for the diagnosis of bovine tuberculosis, especially for identifying infected animals that may be missed by the official tests.
牛结核病疫苗和有效诊断方法的研发需要了解针对其病原体的免疫反应。尽管该疾病主要通过细胞介导免疫评估进行研究和诊断，但B细胞和抗体在牛结核病中的作用一直相对被低估和研究不足。目前的证据表明，循环特异性抗体在控制该疾病方面无效。然而，局部体液免疫反应可能有助于防御或病理过程。近期在动物模型和牛疫苗试验中的研究表明，B细胞在结核病控制中具有潜在的有益作用。本综述讨论了B细胞和抗体在牛结核病中的作用，并探索了该疾病基于抗体的诊断方法，包括传统技术，如不同的酶联免疫吸附测定（ELISA）、基于多种抗原的新平台和即时检测技术。众多基于抗体的检测所达到的高特异性和敏感性值支持将其用作牛结核病诊断的补充检测，特别是用于识别可能被官方检测遗漏的感染动物。
