Cano Fátima, Alves Elisabete, Guedes de Pinho Lara, Fonseca César
Local Health Unit of Baixo Alentejo, 7801-849 Beja, Portugal.
Saão João de Deus School of Nursing, University of Évora, 7000-811 Évora, Portugal.
Nurs Rep. 2024 Oct 23;14(4):3150-3164. doi: 10.3390/nursrep14040229.
The increasing number of institutionalized older individuals worldwide stresses the need to evaluate the association between the functional profile of institutionalized older adults and their quality of life (QoL), depressive symptoms and feelings of loneliness.
A cross-sectional study was conducted in 19 residential facilities in Alentejo, Portugal. Between March and September 2023, all individuals aged ≥65 years were invited to complete a structured questionnaire ( = 1303). Sociodemographic and clinical data were collected, and validated scales for the Portuguese older population were used. Linear regression and unconditional binary logistic models were computed.
The highest level of dependence was observed in the self-care dimension (mean (SD) = 2.93 (1.21)), with 40% of participants exhibiting levels of dependence requiring daily care or total replacement. QoL was inversely associated with functionality in all dimensions, as well as with severe or complete dependence, even after adjusting for sex, age and education. Participants with depressive symptoms and feelings of loneliness were, respectively, three and two times more likely to be dependent on care (adjusted OR = 3.69, 95% CI: 1.80-7.52; adjusted OR = 2.04, 95% CI: 1.07-3.87).
Public policies and interventions should include social and emotional support strategies alongside traditional medical interventions.
全球范围内机构养老的老年人数量不断增加，这凸显了评估机构养老老年人的功能状况与其生活质量（QoL）、抑郁症状和孤独感之间关联的必要性。
在葡萄牙阿连特茹地区的19家养老机构开展了一项横断面研究。2023年3月至9月期间，邀请所有年龄≥65岁的老年人填写一份结构化问卷（n = 1303）。收集了社会人口学和临床数据，并使用了针对葡萄牙老年人群体的经过验证的量表。计算了线性回归和无条件二元逻辑模型。
在自我护理维度观察到最高水平的依赖（均值（标准差）= 2.93（1.21）），40%的参与者表现出需要日常护理或完全替代护理的依赖水平。即使在对性别、年龄和教育程度进行调整后，生活质量在所有维度上均与功能状况呈负相关，也与严重或完全依赖呈负相关。有抑郁症状和孤独感的参与者依赖护理的可能性分别是其他人的三倍和两倍（调整后的比值比 = 3.69，95%置信区间：1.80 - 7.52；调整后的比值比 = 2.04，95%置信区间：1.07 - 3.87）。
公共政策和干预措施应在传统医疗干预的基础上纳入社会和情感支持策略。
