Akkuzinova Kamila, Inoue Ken, Toleuov Elaman, Moldagaliyev Timur, Seksenbayev Nursultan, Jamedinova Ulzhan, Ospanova Nargul, Dyussupov Altay
Board, Semey Medical University, Semey 071400, Kazakhstan.
Research and Education Faculty, Medical Sciences Cluster, Health Service Center, Kochi University, Kochi 780-8520, Japan.
Healthcare (Basel). 2024 Oct 10;12(20):2012. doi: 10.3390/healthcare12202012.
The COVID-19 pandemic had profound impacts worldwide on individuals with mental and behavioral disorders, including disorders due to psychoactive substance use. We investigated how the COVID-19 pandemic affected the trends in these disorders in the Republic of Kazakhstan.
We researched and compared ICD-10 data on mental and behavioral disorders due to substance use in Kazakhstan that were diagnosed in 2018-2019 (pre-pandemic) versus 2020-2021 (the pandemic period).
The data for the pandemic period were significantly different from those of the pre-pandemic in that () 'other stimulant-related disorders (F15)' and 'other psychoactive substance-related disorders (F19)' were increased in the younger age groups, () the risk of 'opioid-related disorders (F11)' was decreased in the 30-year-old group in both males and females, and () the risk of 'alcohol-related disorders (F10)' was increased in the 30-year-old group and decreased in the 20- and 50-year-old groups. In only the males, () the risk of 'other psychoactive substance-related disorders (F19)' was increased in almost all of the age groups, and () the risk of 'cannabis-related disorders (F12)' was increased in the ≥50-year-olds. The pre-pandemic and pandemic periods thus involved changes due to COVID-19 in both males and females that were especially notable in males.
These results indicate that further measures designed to prevent mental and behavioral disorders due to psychoactive substances are necessary at the primary, secondary, and tertiary levels, and personnel in medicine/nursing, the government, private organizations, and the public need to collaborate to devise such measures.
新冠疫情在全球范围内对患有精神和行为障碍的个体产生了深远影响，包括使用精神活性物质所致的障碍。我们调查了新冠疫情如何影响哈萨克斯坦共和国这些障碍的发病趋势。
我们研究并比较了哈萨克斯坦2018 - 2019年（疫情前）与2020 - 2021年（疫情期间）诊断的与物质使用有关的精神和行为障碍的国际疾病分类第十版（ICD - 10）数据。
疫情期间的数据与疫情前的数据有显著差异，即（1）在较年轻年龄组中，“其他兴奋剂相关障碍（F15）”和“其他精神活性物质相关障碍（F19）”有所增加；（2）在30岁年龄组中，男性和女性的“阿片类物质相关障碍（F11）”风险均降低；（3）“酒精相关障碍（F10）”风险在30岁年龄组中增加，在20岁和50岁年龄组中降低。仅在男性中，（4）几乎所有年龄组的“其他精神活性物质相关障碍（F19）”风险均增加，（5）≥50岁人群的“大麻相关障碍（F12）”风险增加。因此，疫情前和疫情期间，新冠疫情在男性和女性中都引发了变化，在男性中尤为明显。
这些结果表明，有必要在初级、二级和三级层面采取进一步措施，以预防精神活性物质所致的精神和行为障碍，医学/护理人员、政府、私营组织和公众需要合作制定此类措施。
