Wang Yanting, Zheng Feiyang, Zhang Xinping
School of Medicine and Health Management, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430000, China.
Healthcare (Basel). 2024 Oct 18;12(20):2085. doi: 10.3390/healthcare12202085.
Frailty has become a common health issue among older adults, imposing a burden on both society and individuals. The relationship between social participation and frailty has received widespread attention, but the mechanism remains to be explored. The aim of this study is to explore the impact of social participation on frailty among older adults and to analyze the mediating role of loneliness and sleep quality, providing suggestions to alleviate frailty.
Data related to social participation, loneliness, sleep quality, and frailty from 7779 older adults were collected from the Chinese Longitudinal Healthy Longevity Survey (CLHLS 2018). The chain mediation model was conducted to explore the relationship between variables, and the Bootstrap method was used to examine the path coefficients.
Social participation negatively affected frailty (β = -0.00391049, 95% CI = [-0.042296, -0.035465]); the indirect effect of social participation on frailty mediated by loneliness was -0.0019505 (95% CI = [-0.002551, -0.001371]); the indirect effect of social participation on frailty mediated by sleep quality was -0.0011104 (95%CI = [-0.001692, -0.000557]); the effect mediated by both loneliness and sleep quality was -0.0004263 (95% CI = [-0.000593, -0.000304]).
Social participation negatively affected frailty. Loneliness and sleep quality not only mediated independently, but also played a chain mediating role. This suggested that encouraging older adults to engage in more social participation, reducing loneliness, and improving sleep quality are feasible measures to improve frailty.
衰弱已成为老年人常见的健康问题，给社会和个人都带来了负担。社会参与与衰弱之间的关系受到了广泛关注，但其机制仍有待探索。本研究旨在探讨社会参与对老年人衰弱的影响，并分析孤独感和睡眠质量的中介作用，为减轻衰弱提供建议。
从中国老年健康影响因素跟踪调查（CLHLS 2018）中收集了7779名老年人的社会参与、孤独感、睡眠质量和衰弱相关数据。采用链式中介模型探讨变量之间的关系，并使用Bootstrap方法检验路径系数。
社会参与对衰弱有负面影响（β = -0.00391049，95%CI = [-0.042296, -0.035465]）；孤独感介导的社会参与对衰弱的间接效应为-0.0019505（95%CI = [-0.002551, -0.001371]）；睡眠质量介导的社会参与对衰弱的间接效应为-0.0011104（95%CI = [-0.001692, -0.000557]）；孤独感和睡眠质量共同介导的效应为-0.0004263（95%CI = [-0.000593, -0.000304]）。
社会参与对衰弱有负面影响。孤独感和睡眠质量不仅各自起中介作用，还发挥链式中介作用。这表明鼓励老年人更多地参与社会活动、减少孤独感和改善睡眠质量是改善衰弱状况的可行措施。
