Li Jing-Jie, Yang Tao, Wang Ming-Guo, Lian Sheng, Lü Yong-Gao, Cai Jing-Yi
Center for Hydrogeology and Environmental Geology Survey, China Geological Survey, Baoding 071051, China.
Huan Jing Ke Xue. 2024 Oct 8;45(10):6195-6206. doi: 10.13227/j.hjkx.202310047.
Too identify seleniut（Se） content characteristics and influencing factors in soil and crops of Shengli Farm in eastern Sanjiang Plain, statistical analysis and correlation analysis were comprehensively used to analyze the test results of 83 groups of surface soil samples and 34 groups of crop seed samples. The results showed that the Se content in the study area ranged from 0.12 to 0.95 mg·kg, with an average value of 0.37 mg·kg, and the enrichment degree was stronger with an enrichment coefficient of 3.18. Oxidizable Se was the main Se fraction, accounting for 81%, 79%, 79%, and 80% of T-Se in marsh soil, white soil, dry land, and paddy field, respectively. The content of reducible Se was the lowest, accounting for less than 5%. The effects of soil physicochemical indexes on Se content differences mainly showed that Se was negatively correlated with pH and total potassium （TK） and significantly positively correlated with cation exchange capacity （CEC）, soil organic matter （SOM）, humus （HS）, total nitrogen （TN）, and total phosphorus （TP）. The average content of Se in different land use types was as follows： dryland > irrigated land > grassland > forest land, as the dryland soil with low pH and high SOM was more likely to enrich Se. Among different soil types, the average Se content in gleysols was the highest at 0.45 mg·kg, which was higher than the average value in the study area. The average content of Se in the quaternary alluvial layer was the highest at 0.43 mg·kg, and its parent material mainly consisted of lacustrine sediments rich in organic matter, which was one of the important factors in forming Se rich soil. The Se content in crops and root soil showed a negative correlation. Se in low pH or high SOM soil was not easily absorbed by crops, and its Se content was also controlled by the form of soil Se, which was positively correlated with available Se content and negatively correlated with oxidizable Se content. Therefore, it is suggested to reduce the amount of artificial fertilizer used in cultivated land as a means of increasing Se bioavailability to change the current situation of crop Se levels in this area.
为查明三江平原东部胜利农场土壤和作物中硒（Se）含量特征及影响因素，综合运用统计分析和相关性分析方法，对83组表层土壤样品和34组作物种子样品的测试结果进行分析。结果表明，研究区土壤硒含量范围为0.12～0.95mg·kg，平均值为0.37mg·kg，富集程度较强，富集系数为3.18。可氧化态硒是主要的硒形态，在沼泽土、白浆土、旱地和水田中分别占总硒的81%、79%、79%和80%。可还原态硒含量最低，占比小于5%。土壤理化指标对硒含量差异的影响主要表现为：硒与pH值和全钾（TK）呈负相关，与阳离子交换量（CEC）、土壤有机质（SOM）、腐殖质（HS）、全氮（TN）和全磷（TP）呈显著正相关。不同土地利用类型的硒平均含量依次为：旱地＞水浇地＞草地＞林地，旱地土壤pH值低、SOM含量高，更易富集硒。不同土壤类型中，潜育土的硒平均含量最高，为0.45mg·kg，高于研究区平均值。第四纪冲积层的硒平均含量最高，为0.43mg·kg，其母质主要由富含有机质的湖相沉积物组成，是形成富硒土壤 的重要因素之一。作物与根际土壤中的硒含量呈负相关。低pH值或高SOM含量土壤中的硒不易被作物吸收，其硒含量还受土壤硒形态的控制，与有效硒含量呈正相关，与可氧化态硒含量呈负相关。因此，建议减少耕地中化肥施用量，以此提高硒的生物有效性，改变该地区作物硒含量现状。
