Haddad R M, Sellers T D
Postgrad Med. 1986 Feb 1;79(2):48-53, 56-7, 61-2. doi: 10.1080/00325481.1986.11699264.
Etiologic diagnosis of syncope is best approached within the framework of three categories: cardiovascular, noncardiovascular, and unexplained. A meticulous history and physical examination plus screening laboratory studies will pinpoint a cause in nearly half of cases. In patients who have recurrent syncope, a history suggestive of dysrhythmia, or structural heart disease, further testing may include a variety of procedures such as 24-hour electrocardiographic monitoring, two-dimensional echocardiography, exercise stress testing, and electrophysiologic testing.
心血管性、非心血管性和不明原因性。详细的病史、体格检查以及筛查实验室检查能在近一半的病例中明确病因。对于有反复晕厥、提示心律失常病史或结构性心脏病的患者，进一步检查可能包括多种检查手段，如24小时心电图监测、二维超声心动图、运动负荷试验和电生理检查。
