Hao Yadong, Li Yingxuan, Wang Jue, Pang Sen, Li Shuang
Beijing Haidian District Food and Drug Safety Monitoring Center, Beijing 100094, China.
College of Land Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China.
Foods. 2024 Oct 12;13(20):3247. doi: 10.3390/foods13203247.
Chloroisobromine cyanuric acid is a highly effective broad-spectrum systemic fungicide for disease control in agricultural crops. In this study, the degradation, residue levels, and potential dietary risks associated with the chloroisobromine cyanuric acid residues in two widely consumed crops, pepper and ginger, were evaluated through supervised field experiments conducted at 12 sites for pepper and 4 sites for ginger in China in 2021. A QuEChERS-LC-MS/MS method was established for quantifying cyanuric acid (CYA) in both crops. The method achieved a limit of quantification (LOQ) of 0.02 mg kg for ginger and 0.05 mg kg for pepper, with recovery rates ranging from 91% to 96% for ginger and 84% to 89% for pepper and the relative standard deviation of 2.9% to 11.2% for ginger and 2.8%~12.9% for pepper, respectively. The results indicated that CYA had half-lives ranging from 3.1 to 8.2 days in pepper, and the terminal CYA residues at harvest were all lower than 5 mg kg, the maximum residue limit established in China. Furthermore, the chronic dietary risk exposure to chloroisobromine cyanuric acid in ginger and pepper, harvested at a pre-harvest interval of three days and at the normal harvesting time after the application of 50% chloroisobromine cyanuric acid soluble powder (SP), was 37.96%, which was much lower than 100%, indicating no significant health risks to the Chinese population. This study provides basic data for establishing the MRLs and serving as a reference for developing the analytical method applicable to CYA residues in different plant matrices.
氯异溴氰尿酸是一种高效广谱的内吸性杀菌剂，用于防治农作物病害。本研究通过2021年在中国12个辣椒种植点和4个生姜种植点进行的田间药效试验，评估了氯异溴氰尿酸在两种广泛食用的作物（辣椒和生姜）中的降解情况、残留水平以及与氯异溴氰尿酸残留相关的潜在膳食风险。建立了QuEChERS-LC-MS/MS方法用于定量两种作物中的氰尿酸（CYA）。该方法对生姜的定量限（LOQ）为0.02 mg/kg，对辣椒为0.05 mg/kg，生姜的回收率为91%至96%，辣椒为84%至89%，生姜的相对标准偏差为2.9%至11.2%，辣椒为2.8%至12.9%。结果表明，CYA在辣椒中的半衰期为3.1至8.2天，收获时CYA的最终残留量均低于中国规定的最大残留限量5 mg/kg。此外，在施用50%氯异溴氰尿酸可溶粉剂（SP）后，以三天的安全间隔期和正常收获期收获的生姜和辣椒中，氯异溴氰尿酸的慢性膳食风险暴露量为37.96%，远低于100%，表明对中国人群无显著健康风险。本研究为制定最大残留限量提供了基础数据，并为开发适用于不同植物基质中CYA残留量的分析方法提供了参考。
