Department of Biological Sciences, The Dorothy and George Hennings College of Science, Mathematics and Technology, Kean University, Union, NJ 07083, USA.
Department of Plant Biology, School of Environmental and Biological Sciences, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, New Brunswick, NJ 08901, USA.
Int J Mol Sci. 2024 Oct 10;25(20):10917. doi: 10.3390/ijms252010917.
is a tropical tree that has its leaves, fruits, and seeds used as medicine and food. A standardized hydroalcoholic moringa seed extract (MSE) contains up to 40% of an isothiocyanate (MIC-1; moringin), a phytochemical known to have antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties. Animal studies suggest that MSE may help with diseases, such as edema, colitis, obesity, and diabetes. In vitro studies have shown that MIC-1 activates the Nrf2 pathway, involved in detoxification and antioxidant pathways. To broaden the understanding of the molecular pathways regulated by MSE, we hypothesized that MSE improves the health span in by activating the Nrf2 homolog (SKN-1). Our whole RNA-seq data showed that MSE at 0.1 mg/mL (100 µM MIC-1) regulated the expression of a total of 1555 genes, including genes related to cuticle, molting cycle, and glutathione metabolism. MSE upregulated several glutathione S transferases (GST), involved in the detoxification of xenobiotics, and other SKN-1 downstream targets. MSE and MIC-1 upregulate expression and induce SKN-1 nuclear translocation, suggesting that they activate the SKN-1/Nrf2 pathway. Moreover, the regulation of glutathione metabolism is likely dependent on the SKN-1 pathway, as the upregulation by MSE was inhibited in knockout mutant. However, MSE decreased survivability and delayed growth rate, while purified MIC-1 increased the lifespan of . This study shows that MIC-1 is responsible for SKN-1/Nrf2 activation by MSE; however, components other than MIC-1 within MSE likely cause detrimental effects in .
辣木叶是一种热带树木，其叶子、果实和种子被用作药物和食物。一种标准化的辣木叶水醇提取物（MSE）含有高达 40%的异硫氰酸酯（MIC-1；辣木素），这种植物化学物质具有抗氧化和抗炎特性。动物研究表明，MSE 可能有助于治疗水肿、结肠炎、肥胖症和糖尿病等疾病。体外研究表明，MIC-1 激活了 Nrf2 通路，该通路参与解毒和抗氧化途径。为了更广泛地了解 MSE 调节的分子途径，我们假设 MSE 通过激活 Nrf2 同源物（SKN-1）来改善的健康寿命。我们的全 RNA-seq 数据显示，MSE 在 0.1mg/ml（100µM MIC-1）浓度下调节了总共 1555 个基因的表达，包括与 表皮、蜕皮周期和谷胱甘肽代谢相关的基因。MSE 上调了几个谷胱甘肽 S 转移酶（GST），这些酶参与了外源性物质的解毒，以及其他 SKN-1 下游靶标。MSE 和 MIC-1 上调了 的表达并诱导 SKN-1 核转位，表明它们激活了 SKN-1/Nrf2 通路。此外，谷胱甘肽代谢的调节可能依赖于 SKN-1 通路，因为 MSE 对 的上调在 敲除突变体中受到抑制。然而，MSE 降低了存活率并延迟了生长速度，而纯化的 MIC-1 则增加了 的寿命。本研究表明，MIC-1 是 MSE 激活 SKN-1/Nrf2 的原因；然而，MSE 中除 MIC-1 以外的成分可能对 造成有害影响。
