Society for Women's Health Research, Washington, DC 20036, USA.
Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2024 Oct 10;21(10):1339. doi: 10.3390/ijerph21101339.
Autoimmune diseases are identified by the chronic inflammation and tissue damage resulting from unregulated immune responses throughout the body. Systemic lupus erythematosus, type 1 diabetes mellitus, and Hashimoto's thyroiditis are among the 80+ characterized conditions, 80% of which are diagnosed in women. The compounded effects of biological sex and hormones; social identities, such as age, race, and gender; and other determinants on health highlight a pressing need for an inclusive approach to address disparities for women living with autoimmune diseases. Such an approach must recognize and incorporate intersectional experiences of diverse populations of women into biomedical research, clinical practice, and policy solutions. Research must prioritize inclusive designs, data collection, and representation of women in clinical studies. Clinical care must focus on developing guidelines and promoting patient-provider interactions that meet a range of demographic needs. Health care policies must support financial investments in research and equitable access to care. This review provides an overview of the impacts of autoimmune diseases on women's health through an intersectional lens, identifies persistent gaps in addressing the unique needs of women, and proposes recommendations for a comprehensive, equity-focused approach to mitigate disparities and better serve all women at risk for or living with autoimmune diseases.
自身免疫性疾病是由全身免疫反应失调引起的慢性炎症和组织损伤所确定的。系统性红斑狼疮、1 型糖尿病和桥本甲状腺炎是 80 多种特征性疾病之一，其中 80%在女性中诊断。生物性别和激素的综合影响；社会身份，如年龄、种族和性别；以及其他决定因素对健康的影响突出表明，需要采取一种包容的方法来解决患有自身免疫性疾病的妇女的差异问题。这种方法必须认识到并将不同女性群体的交叉体验纳入生物医学研究、临床实践和政策解决方案中。研究必须优先考虑包容性设计、数据收集以及在临床研究中体现女性代表性。临床护理必须侧重于制定满足各种人口统计需求的指南，并促进医患互动。医疗保健政策必须支持对研究的财政投资以及公平获得护理的机会。本综述通过交叉视角概述了自身免疫性疾病对妇女健康的影响，确定了在解决妇女独特需求方面持续存在的差距，并提出了全面、注重公平的建议，以减轻差异，更好地为所有患有或面临自身免疫性疾病风险的妇女提供服务。
