Center for Medical Science, Fujita Health University, Toyoake 470-1192, Japan.
Department of Infection and Immunity, Luxembourg Institute of Health, L-4354 Esch-sur-Alzette, Luxembourg.
Genes (Basel). 2024 Oct 18;15(10):1337. doi: 10.3390/genes15101337.
Parvalbumins are the main source of food allergies in fish meat, with each fish possessing multiple different parvalbumins. The naming convention of these allergens in terms of allergen codes (numbers) is species-specific. Allergen codes for parvalbumin isoallergens and allergen variants are based on sequence identities relative to the first parvalbumin allergen discovered in that particular species. This means that parvalbumins with similar allergen codes, such as catfish Pan h 1.0201 and redfish Seb m 1.0201, are not necessarily the most similar proteins, or encoded by the same gene. Here, we aim to elucidate the molecular basis of parvalbumins. We explain the complicated genetics of fish parvalbumins in an accessible manner for fish allergen researchers. Teleost or modern bony fish, which include most commercial fish species, have varying numbers of up to 22 parvalbumin genes. All have derived from ten parvalbumin genes in their common ancestor. We have named these ten genes "-to-" (-to-), building on earlier nomenclature established for zebrafish. For duplicated genes, we use variant names such as, for example, " and ". As illustrative examples of our gene identification system, we systematically analyze all parvalbumin genes in two common allergy-inducing species in Japan: red seabream () and chum salmon (). We also provide gene identifications for known parvalbumin allergens in various fish species.
副肌球蛋白是鱼肉中食物过敏的主要来源，每种鱼都含有多种不同的副肌球蛋白。这些过敏原的命名约定（数字）在过敏原代码方面是特定于物种的。副肌球蛋白同工型过敏原和过敏原变异体的过敏原代码是基于与在该特定物种中发现的第一个副肌球蛋白过敏原的序列同一性。这意味着具有相似过敏原代码的副肌球蛋白，例如鲶鱼 Pan h 1.0201 和红点鲑 Seb m 1.0201，不一定是最相似的蛋白质，或者由相同的基因编码。在这里，我们旨在阐明副肌球蛋白的分子基础。我们以一种易于理解的方式向鱼类过敏原研究人员解释鱼类副肌球蛋白的复杂遗传学。硬骨鱼或现代骨鱼，包括大多数商业鱼类，具有多达 22 个副肌球蛋白基因的变体。所有这些基因都源自其共同祖先的十个副肌球蛋白基因。我们基于为斑马鱼建立的早期命名法，将这些十个基因命名为“-to-”（-to-）。对于重复的基因，我们使用变体名称，例如“和”。作为我们基因识别系统的说明性示例，我们系统地分析了日本两种常见的诱导过敏的物种中的所有副肌球蛋白基因：红鲷（）和大麻哈鱼（）。我们还为各种鱼类物种中的已知副肌球蛋白过敏原提供了基因鉴定。
