Mateo David, Carrión Nerea, Cabrera Cristian, Heredia Luis, Marquès Montse, Forcadell-Ferreres Eva, Pino Maria, Zaragoza Josep, Moral Alfons, Cavallé Lluís, González-de-Echávarri José M, Vicens Paloma, Domingo José L, Torrente Margarita
Laboratory of Toxicology and Environmental Health (LSTM), Centre for Environmental, Food and Toxicological Technology (TECNATOX), Universitat Rovira i Virgili, 43201 Reus, Spain.
Institut d'Investigació Sanitària Pere Virgili (IISPV), 43204 Reus, Spain.
Microorganisms. 2024 Oct 10;12(10):2046. doi: 10.3390/microorganisms12102046.
Recently, an association between dysbiosis of the gut microbiota (GMB) and the development of several diseases, such as Alzheimer's disease (AD), has been proposed. Dysbiosis involves changes in microbial diversity influenced by environmental factors, like diet or lifestyle. In this study, we investigated the role of GMB parameters in Spanish AD patients, assessing the impact of adherence to the Mediterranean lifestyle (ML), as well as to characterize these parameters in relation to neuropsychological, neuropsychiatric, emotional, and functionality parameters. A case-control study was conducted to investigate the association between the composition of the GMB and cognitive, emotional, neuropsychiatric, and functionality status in Spanish AD patients, along with a shotgun metagenomics approach. Richness and alpha-diversity were significantly lower in the AD group compared to the controls. PERMANOVA and ANOSIM tests of Bray-Curtis dissimilarity, Aitchison distance, and Jaccard similarity did not showed significant differences in beta-diversity between the two groups. Moreover, associations between various phyla of the AD group and orientation performance, food consumption, and activities of daily living were identified. Dysbiosis observed in Spanish AD patients is characterized by reductions in richness and alpha-diversity, alongside alterations in GMB composition, which may be linked to adherence to the ML and cognitive and functionality symptoms.
最近，有人提出肠道微生物群（GMB）失调与几种疾病的发生有关，如阿尔茨海默病（AD）。失调涉及受环境因素（如饮食或生活方式）影响的微生物多样性变化。在本研究中，我们调查了GMB参数在西班牙AD患者中的作用，评估坚持地中海式生活方式（ML）的影响，并根据神经心理学、神经精神、情绪和功能参数对这些参数进行表征。进行了一项病例对照研究，采用鸟枪法宏基因组学方法，调查西班牙AD患者的GMB组成与认知、情绪、神经精神和功能状态之间的关联。与对照组相比，AD组的丰富度和α多样性显著降低。Bray-Curtis差异、Aitchison距离和Jaccard相似度的PERMANOVA和ANOSIM检验未显示两组之间的β多样性存在显著差异。此外，还确定了AD组的各种门与定向能力、食物消耗和日常生活活动之间的关联。在西班牙AD患者中观察到的失调特征是丰富度和α多样性降低，以及GMB组成改变，这可能与坚持ML以及认知和功能症状有关。
