妊娠期糖尿病产后随访及参与生活方式干预的体验：一项定性研究。

Experiences of Postpartum Follow-Up and Participation in a Lifestyle Intervention after Gestational Diabetes: A Qualitative Study.

机构信息

Department of Public Health and Nursing, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, 7030 Trondheim, Norway.

Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Levanger Hospital, Nord-Trøndelag Hospital Trust, 7600 Levanger, Norway.

出版信息

Nutrients. 2024 Oct 15;16(20):3487. doi: 10.3390/nu16203487.

DOI:10.3390/nu16203487

PMID:39458482

原文链接:https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC11510314/

Abstract

BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES: Gestational diabetes is associated with an increased risk of future type 2 diabetes and cardiovascular disease, but healthy lifestyle changes can prevent the development of these diseases. This study aimed to identify factors that can improve intervention programmes and postpartum support after gestational diabetes.

METHODS

Twenty-two women who had experienced gestational diabetes in Norway participated in in-depth interviews following a six-month intervention programme focusing on healthy lifestyle changes. Participants were included 3-12 months after giving birth. The data were analysed using reflexive thematic analysis.

RESULTS

Four themes were developed: (1) A status report on my health and lifestyle-crucial for recognising the need for change; (2) encouragement and cheering on: getting started and maintaining changes; (3) life's challenging moments: looking after the baby and prioritising one's own health; and (4) the first period with the newborn baby-a good time to make changes. Participants described maternity leave as a suitable time for lifestyle change. Adequate information about and insight into their health were important for success. The focus on small changes motivated them to improve their lifestyle. Participants emphasised individualised help, support from others, noticing an improvement and seeing a positive effect on their family members as motivational factors for maintaining the changes. However, they found it difficult to prioritise themselves and to maintain lifestyle changes in challenging life situations and transitional phases.

CONCLUSIONS

The study findings can help support the development of future intervention programmes for women who have experienced gestational diabetes.

摘要

背景/目的：妊娠糖尿病与未来 2 型糖尿病和心血管疾病的风险增加有关，但健康的生活方式改变可以预防这些疾病的发生。本研究旨在确定可以改善妊娠糖尿病后干预计划和产后支持的因素。

方法

22 名在挪威经历过妊娠糖尿病的女性在专注于健康生活方式改变的六个月干预计划后参加了深入访谈。参与者在分娩后 3-12 个月被纳入。使用反思性主题分析对数据进行分析。

结果

确定了四个主题：（1）关于我的健康和生活方式的现状报告——识别改变需求的关键；（2）鼓励和欢呼：开始并维持改变；（3）生活中的挑战时刻：照顾婴儿和优先考虑自己的健康；（4）新生儿的第一个时期——改变的好时机。参与者将产假描述为改变生活方式的合适时间。充分了解和了解自己的健康状况对于成功至关重要。关注小的改变激励他们改善自己的生活方式。参与者强调个性化的帮助、他人的支持、注意到自己的改善以及看到对家庭成员的积极影响是维持改变的动机因素。然而，他们发现自己很难在具有挑战性的生活情况和过渡阶段优先考虑自己并维持生活方式的改变。