Li Jiuying, Zhu Yinghui, Sun Lanlan, Xu Hongle, Su Wangcang, Xue Fei, Lu Chuantao, Tang Wenwei, Wu Renhai
Henan Key Laboratory of Crop Pest Control, Institute of Plant Protection, Henan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Zhengzhou 450002, China.
National Demonstration Center for Experimental Plant Science Education, Guangxi Key Laboratory of Agro-Environment and Agric-Product Safety, College of Agriculture, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, China.
Plants (Basel). 2024 Oct 21;13(20):2946. doi: 10.3390/plants13202946.
Fenoxaprop-P-ethyl (FE) can effectively control weeds in rice fields, but it has been found to cause phytotoxicity in rice. In this study, the phytotoxicity of FE was mitigated by perilla leaf essential oil (PEO) in rice seedlings. The injury recovery rates (IRRs) for shoot length and fresh weight treated with 800 mg/L of PEO were 101.51% and 99.05%, respectively. Moreover, the damage of -metolachlor and pretilachlor was also alleviated when co-applied with 800 mg/L PEO; the IRR of -metolachlor phytotoxicity was 26.07% and 27.34%, respectively, and the IRR of pretilachlor phytotoxicity was 127.27% and 124.39%, respectively. However, PEO had no significant effect on the phytotoxicity of pinoxaden, mesotrione, penoxsulam, mesosulfuron-methyl, and nicosulfuron. The results of GC-MS analysis showed that a total of 23 components were detected in PEO, among which linalool (36.49%), linalyl formate (26.96%), α-terpineol (10.63%), 2-hexanoylfuran (5.81%), geranyl acetate (4.13%), and neryl acetate (2.30%) were the primary components. Among them, 2-hexanoylfuran was the most effective component to alleviate FE damage, for which the IRR of shoot length and fresh weight was 73.17% and 73.02%, respectively, followed by the geranyl acetate, for which the IRR was 72.32% and 60.56%, respectively, and neryl acetate, for which the IRR was 65.28% and 58.11%, respectively. Furthermore, the application of 50 mg/L of 2-hexanofuran significantly improved the tolerance of shoot length and fresh weight to FE stress by factors of 5.32 and 5.35, respectively. This research demonstrates that PEO and 2-hexanoylfuran have the potential to serve as natural safeners to reduce phytotoxicity.
精恶唑禾草灵（FE）能有效防除稻田杂草，但已发现其会对水稻产生药害。本研究中，紫苏叶精油（PEO）减轻了FE对水稻幼苗的药害。用800mg/L PEO处理后，地上部长度和鲜重的伤害恢复率（IRRs）分别为101.51%和99.05%。此外，与800mg/L PEO共同施用时，甲草胺和丙草胺的药害也得到缓解；甲草胺药害的IRR分别为26.07%和27.34%，丙草胺药害的IRR分别为127.27%和124.39%。然而，PEO对氯酯磺草胺、甲基磺草酮、五氟磺草胺、甲基二磺隆和烟嘧磺隆的药害没有显著影响。气相色谱-质谱联用（GC-MS）分析结果表明，在PEO中共检测到23种成分，其中芳樟醇（36.49%）、甲酸芳樟酯（26.96%）、α-松油醇（10.63%）、2-己酰基呋喃（5.81%）、乙酸香叶酯（4.13%）和乙酸橙花酯（2.30%）为主要成分。其中，2-己酰基呋喃是减轻FE伤害最有效的成分，其地上部长度和鲜重的IRR分别为73.17%和73.02%，其次是乙酸香叶酯，其IRR分别为72.32%和60.56%，乙酸橙花酯的IRR分别为65.28%和58.11%。此外，施用50mg/L的2-己酰基呋喃分别使地上部长度和鲜重对FE胁迫的耐受性显著提高了5.32倍和5.35倍。本研究表明，PEO和2-己酰基呋喃有潜力作为天然安全剂来降低药害。
