心力衰竭心脏康复的优化：全面的见解、障碍和未来策略。
Optimizing Cardiac Rehabilitation in Heart Failure: Comprehensive Insights, Barriers, and Future Strategies.
机构信息
Internal Medicine Consultant, Hospital Universitari Parc Taulí, Sabadell, 08208 Sabadell, Spain.
Medicine Department, Universitat Autonoma of Barcelona (UAB), 08193 Barcelona, Spain.
出版信息
Medicina (Kaunas). 2024 Sep 26;60(10):1583. doi: 10.3390/medicina60101583.
Heart failure (HF) is a prevalent cardiovascular disease associated with significant morbidity, mortality, and healthcare costs. Cardiac rehabilitation (CR) is a structured, multidisciplinary intervention that has been proven to improve functional capacity, reduce hospital readmissions, and enhance the quality of life in HF patients. Despite strong clinical evidence and guideline endorsements, CR remains underutilized in this population. This paper provides a comprehensive review of the role of CR in HF, focusing on exercise-based rehabilitation, psychosocial support, and education. It also explores the barriers to CR implementation, such as patient-related factors, provider-related issues, and systemic challenges. Additionally, we propose future strategies to increase CR uptake, including personalized CR programs, telehealth innovations, and integrating CR into routine HF care pathways. By addressing these challenges and implementing these strategies, healthcare systems can optimize CR delivery and improve outcomes for HF patients.
心力衰竭（HF）是一种常见的心血管疾病，与较高的发病率、死亡率和医疗保健成本相关。心脏康复（CR）是一种经过验证的结构化、多学科干预措施，可改善功能能力，降低住院再入院率，并提高 HF 患者的生活质量。尽管有强有力的临床证据和指南支持，但 CR 在该人群中的应用仍然不足。本文全面回顾了 CR 在 HF 中的作用，重点介绍了基于运动的康复、心理社会支持和教育。它还探讨了 CR 实施的障碍，如患者相关因素、提供者相关问题和系统挑战。此外，我们提出了未来增加 CR 利用率的策略，包括个性化的 CR 计划、远程医疗创新以及将 CR 纳入 HF 常规护理途径。通过解决这些挑战并实施这些策略，医疗保健系统可以优化 CR 的提供并改善 HF 患者的结局。
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