Laboratório de Pesquisas em Virologia, Faculdade de Medicina de São José do Rio Preto, São José do Rio Preto 15090-000, São Paulo, Brazil.
Vigilância Epidemiológica, Secretaria de Saúde de São José do Rio Preto, São José do Rio Preto 15090-000, São Paulo, Brazil.
Viruses. 2024 Sep 26;16(10):1524. doi: 10.3390/v16101524.
The high transmissibility, rapid evolution, and immune escape of SARS-CoV-2 variants can influence the course of infection and, in turn, morbidity and mortality in COVID-19, posing a challenge in controlling transmission rates and contributing to the emergence and spread of new variants. Understanding the factors that shape viral genetic variation is essential for comprehending the evolution and transmission of SARS-CoV-2, especially in vaccinated individuals where immune response plays a role in the progression and spread of this disease. In this context, we evaluated the impact of immunity induced by the CoronaVac vaccine (Butantan/Sinovac) on intra-host genetic diversity, analyzing 118 whole-genome sequences of SARS-CoV-2 from unvaccinated and vaccinated patients infected with the Gamma variant. Vaccination with CoronaVac favors negative selection at the intra-host level in different genomic regions. It prevents greater genetic diversity of SARS-CoV-2, reinforcing the importance of vaccination in reducing the emergence of new mutations and virus transmission.
SARS-CoV-2 变体的高传染性、快速进化和免疫逃逸能力会影响感染过程，进而影响 COVID-19 的发病率和死亡率，这给控制传播率带来了挑战，并导致新变体的出现和传播。了解影响病毒遗传变异的因素对于理解 SARS-CoV-2 的进化和传播至关重要，特别是在接种疫苗的个体中，免疫反应在该疾病的进展和传播中起着作用。在这种情况下，我们评估了科兴疫苗（巴西布坦坦研究所/北京科兴中维）诱导的免疫对宿主内遗传多样性的影响，分析了来自未接种和接种疫苗的感染伽马变异株患者的 118 株 SARS-CoV-2 全基因组序列。科兴疫苗接种有利于在不同基因组区域对宿主内水平的负选择。它可以防止 SARS-CoV-2 的遗传多样性增加，从而强调了接种疫苗在减少新突变和病毒传播方面的重要性。
