Yamamoto Moemi, Ito Mari, Matsuyama Yutaka, Yoshida Yui
Department of Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Japan.
AI/Data Science Social Implementation Laboratory, Research and Development Initiative, Chuo University, Japan.
Intern Med. 2025 May 15;64(10):1496-1502. doi: 10.2169/internalmedicine.3908-24. Epub 2024 Oct 25.
Objective To calculate the prevalence of anemia based on sex and age using large-scale occupational health examination data, confirm the Hb) distribution in the elderly, and examine the standard for screening for anemia in Japan. Methods Using existing large-scale occupational health examination data of patients who underwent health examinations between April 2015 and March 2022, we calculated the prevalence of anemia based on sex and age. Patients We included 416,366 patients aged 20-89 years who underwent health checkups at health checkup facilities in Japan. Results Of the patients, 53.5% were men. The proportion of previously anemic individuals was 3.2% in men and 19.7% in women, with Hb levels (mean ± SD) of 15.1±1.1 g/dL in men and 13.1±1.2 g/dL in women. The prevalence of anemia showed a monotonic increase with age in men and a bimodal distribution, peaking in women in their 40s and 70s. Among women in their 20s-40s, 17.9% had anemia, and 60% were newly diagnosed. Furthermore, the mean -2SD of Hb in the elderly men (>65 years) was 12.0 g/dL, larger than the current standard (11.0 g/dL). Conclusion It is imperative to consider the possibility of anemia in young women during health examinations and other screening opportunities, regardless of their history of anemia. In addition, elderly men with Hb levels <12 g/dL should be cautioned about the development of anemic symptoms and the progression of Hb decline.
目的 利用大规模职业健康检查数据，按性别和年龄计算贫血患病率，确认老年人血红蛋白（Hb）分布情况，并探讨日本贫血筛查标准。方法 使用2015年4月至2022年3月期间接受健康检查患者的现有大规模职业健康检查数据，按性别和年龄计算贫血患病率。对象 纳入在日本健康检查机构接受健康检查的416,366名20 - 89岁患者。结果 患者中，男性占53.5%。既往贫血个体比例男性为3.2%，女性为19.7%，男性Hb水平（均值±标准差）为15.1±1.1 g/dL，女性为13.1±1.2 g/dL。贫血患病率在男性中随年龄呈单调增加，在女性中呈双峰分布，在40多岁和70多岁女性中达到峰值。20多岁至40多岁女性中，17.9%患有贫血，60%为新诊断病例。此外，老年男性（>65岁）Hb的平均 - 2标准差为12.0 g/dL，高于当前标准（11.0 g/dL）。结论 在健康检查及其他筛查机会中，无论年轻女性有无贫血史，都必须考虑其贫血的可能性。此外，Hb水平<12 g/dL的老年男性应注意贫血症状的发生及Hb下降的进展。
