Chapman Alexander
The Pennsylvania State University.
Ann Am Acad Pol Soc Sci. 2022 Sep;703(1):139-161. doi: 10.1177/00027162221144172. Epub 2023 Mar 20.
Rises in opioid mortality coincides with child maltreatment report rises since the early 2000s. This project joins three literatures to consider mechanisms linking the opioid epidemic and child maltreatment that include: 1) social disorganization which implicates community-level characteristics such as residential mobility and poverty in deviant behaviors 2) geographic and temporal patterning of opioid mortality and 3) community-level substance use and child maltreatment. I combine data from the American Community Survey (ACS), CDC WONDER, and the National Child Abuse and Neglect Data System (NCANDS) in a county-level analysis using fixed effects. I test the relationships between opioid mortality, poverty, residential mobility, and child maltreatment. Regression analyses show a positive association between opioid mortality and child maltreatment with variation across time. They also suggest that opioid mortality has a stronger association with child maltreatment in high poverty counties, and that counties with higher levels of residential mobility have a negative association between opioid mortality and child maltreatment for lower mortality levels. The findings imply that decreasing poverty, opioid mortality, and increasing residential mobility opportunity may decrease child maltreatment.
自21世纪初以来，阿片类药物死亡率的上升与虐待儿童报告的增加同时出现。该项目结合了三篇文献，以探讨将阿片类药物流行与虐待儿童联系起来的机制，这些机制包括：1）社会失序，这涉及到社区层面的特征，如居住流动性和贫困与越轨行为的关系；2）阿片类药物死亡率的地理和时间模式；3）社区层面的物质使用和虐待儿童情况。我在县级分析中使用固定效应，将美国社区调查（ACS）、疾病控制与预防中心（CDC）的WONDER以及国家虐待和忽视儿童数据系统（NCANDS）的数据结合起来。我检验了阿片类药物死亡率、贫困、居住流动性和虐待儿童之间的关系。回归分析显示，阿片类药物死亡率与虐待儿童之间存在正相关，且随时间变化。分析还表明，在高贫困县，阿片类药物死亡率与虐待儿童的关联更强，而居住流动性较高的县，在较低死亡率水平下，阿片类药物死亡率与虐待儿童之间存在负相关。研究结果表明，减少贫困、阿片类药物死亡率以及增加居住流动性机会可能会减少虐待儿童的情况。
