Department of Pathology, Kasturba Medical College, Manipal, Manipal Academy of Higher Education,, Manipal, Karnataka, 576104, India.
Department of Nephrology, Kasturba Medical College, Manipal, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, Karnataka, 576104, India.
F1000Res. 2024 Sep 26;13:241. doi: 10.12688/f1000research.144124.2. eCollection 2024.
Haematological abnormalities following renal transplantation are frequently observed and have a significant effect on survival and graft outcomes. The pattern of haematological abnormalities varies globally. Few studies have been conducted in Asian countries. We aimed to evaluate the patterns of haematological abnormalities in post-transplant recipients in our center during the first year after post-renal transplant and the association of post-transplant anemia with graft function.
This single-center retrospective study was conducted on renal transplantation recipients between 2014 and 2019. The study included all patients who received kidney transplants from live/cadaveric donors and had follow-up data collected up to 12 months after the transplant. The outcome studied was the prevalence of haematological abnormalities and the association between post-transplant anemia (PTA) and graft function in post-transplant recipients.
A total of 106 renal transplant recipients were included in the study. The prevalence of PTA was 98% in the first week, 75% at one month, 35% at three months, 32% at six months, and 27% at 12 months. The other cytopenia cases were leukopenia (43.4%), thrombocytopenia (33.2%), and pancytopenia (15.1%). Post-transplant erythrocytosis was observed in 17.9% of patients. 18 patients with severe PTA in the first week of transplant had significant allograft dysfunction (p=0.04). Patients with and without PTA had similar graft functions at six and 12 months (p=0.50).
Haematological abnormalities are common in renal transplant recipients. PTA is highly prevalent during the first week and improves over time. Other haematological abnormalities observed were leukopenia, thrombocytopenia, pancytopenia, and post-transplant erythrocytosis. Leucopenia was primarily drug-induced, and thrombocytopenia and pancytopenia were frequently caused by infections in our cohort. Additionally, severe PTA was significantly associated with graft dysfunction in the first week post-transplant, whereas similar graft function was observed at 6 and 12 months post-transplant, irrespective of the presence or absence of PTA.
肾移植后常出现血液学异常，对生存和移植物结局有重要影响。血液学异常的模式在全球范围内有所不同。亚洲国家进行的此类研究较少。我们旨在评估本中心肾移植受者在移植后 1 年内的血液学异常模式，并探讨移植后贫血与移植物功能的关系。
这是一项单中心回顾性研究，纳入了 2014 年至 2019 年期间的肾移植受者。研究包括所有接受活体/尸体供者肾移植并随访至移植后 12 个月的患者。研究的结局是血液学异常的发生率以及移植后贫血（PTA）与移植后受者移植物功能之间的关系。
本研究共纳入 106 例肾移植受者。第 1 周 PTA 的发生率为 98%，第 1 个月为 75%，第 3 个月为 35%，第 6 个月为 32%，第 12 个月为 27%。其他血细胞减少症的病例为白细胞减少症（43.4%）、血小板减少症（33.2%）和全血细胞减少症（15.1%）。移植后红细胞增多症见于 17.9%的患者。移植后第 1 周时 18 例重度 PTA 患者的移植物功能明显受损（p=0.04）。有和无 PTA 的患者在第 6 个月和 12 个月时的移植物功能相似（p=0.50）。
血液学异常在肾移植受者中很常见。PTA 在第 1 周内高度普遍，且随时间推移而改善。观察到的其他血液学异常包括白细胞减少症、血小板减少症、全血细胞减少症和移植后红细胞增多症。白细胞减少症主要是药物诱导的，而血小板减少症和全血细胞减少症在本队列中常由感染引起。此外，移植后第 1 周重度 PTA 与移植物功能障碍显著相关，而无论是否存在 PTA，在第 6 个月和 12 个月时，移植物功能相似。
