Department of Cariology and Operative Dentistry, Indiana University School of Dentistry, 415 N Lansing St, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA.
Centro Nacional de Investigación sobre la Evolución Humana (CENIEH), Paseo Sierra de Atapuerca 3, Burgos 09002, Spain.
Arch Oral Biol. 2025 Jan;169:106120. doi: 10.1016/j.archoralbio.2024.106120. Epub 2024 Oct 28.
This in vitro investigation assessed how frequency of erosive challenges and duration of toothbrushing abrasion influenced non-carious cervical lesions (NCCLs) development and morphology.
Experimental units were prepared using extracted human premolars assigned to four erosive-abrasive frequency protocols (n=16): F0. No acid exposure (negative control), F2.5 K. Acid exposure (1 % citric acid at natural pH) every 2500, F5K. 5000 and F15K. 15000 brushing-strokes. All groups were brushed for 55000 total brushing-strokes. Three-dimension images of the teeth were captured at baseline, after 15000, 35000 and 55000 brushing-strokes, using an intraoral scanner (TRIOS4, 3Shape). WearCompare software (Leeds Digital Dentistry) was used to analyze volumetric tooth loss (mm) by superimposition followed by subtraction analysis. Lesion angle was measured (ImageJ, NIH) and morphology visually classified. Data were analyzed using ANOVA and Fisher's Exact tests adopting two-sided 5 % significance level.
Tooth loss increased with brushing-strokes overall (p<0.001) and for each erosive-abrasive protocol (p<0.001). Acid exposure significantly increased tooth loss (p<0.001), regardless of brushing interval (p<0.001), however by 35000 strokes no tooth loss difference was observed among acid-exposed groups (p>0.05). Control had significantly sharper mean lesion angle (59°) than all acid-exposed groups (∼145°) (p<0.001), and significantly different lesion shape with 94 % wedge-shaped lesions versus 0 %, respectively (p<0.001). In contrast to the control, acid exposure was associated to more striated lesions.
Simulated NCCLs developed and progressed differently and more rapidly in the presence of acidic challenges, regardless of their frequency. Exposure to acid impacted the morphology of lesions.
本体外研究评估了侵蚀性挑战的频率和牙刷磨损的持续时间如何影响非龋性颈损伤（NCCL）的发展和形态。
使用分配给四个侵蚀性磨损频率方案的离体人前磨牙制备实验单位（n=16）：F0. 无酸暴露（阴性对照），F2.5K. 酸暴露（1%柠檬酸，自然 pH 值）每 2500 次，F5K. 5000 次和 F15K. 15000 次刷牙。所有组均刷牙 55000 次总刷牙次数。使用口腔内扫描仪（TRIOS4，3Shape）在基线、15000 次、35000 次和 55000 次刷牙后拍摄牙齿的三维图像。使用 WearCompare 软件（Leeds Digital Dentistry）通过叠加和相减分析来分析体积牙齿损失（mm）。使用 ImageJ（NIH）测量损伤角度，并通过视觉分类来评估形态。采用双侧 5%显著水平的方差分析和 Fisher 精确检验对数据进行分析。
总体而言，刷牙次数增加导致牙齿损失增加（p<0.001），并且每个侵蚀性磨损方案均如此（p<0.001）。酸暴露显著增加了牙齿损失（p<0.001），无论刷牙间隔如何（p<0.001），但是在 35000 次刷牙后，暴露于酸的组之间未观察到牙齿损失差异（p>0.05）。与所有酸暴露组（约 145°）相比，对照组的平均损伤角度（59°）明显更锐利（p<0.001），且损伤形状明显不同，94%楔形损伤，而分别为 0%（p<0.001）。与对照组相比，酸暴露与更多的条纹状损伤有关。
无论其频率如何，存在酸性挑战时，模拟的 NCCL 会以不同且更快的方式发展和进展。酸暴露影响病变的形态。
