Department of Nutrition and Food Science, University of Granada, Granada, 18071, Spain.
Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria Ibs. GRANADA, Granada, 18014, Spain.
Environ Health. 2024 Oct 29;23(1):93. doi: 10.1186/s12940-024-01134-7.
Over the past three decades, there has been a significant increase in the prevalence and incidence of overweight and obesity worldwide. The obesogen hypothesis suggests that certain external agents may affect pathways related to fat accumulation and energy balance by stimulating fat cell differentiation and proliferation. Previous research has indicated that exposure to bisphenol A (BPA) and some of its analogues may influence fat accumulation by promoting the transformation of preadipocytes into adipocytes. This study aimed to assess the possible contribution of dietary bisphenol exposure to the odds of developing overweight and obesity in a sample of Spanish children according to sex.
Dietary and anthropometric data were collected from 179 controls and 124 cases schoolchildren aged 3-12 years. Dietary exposure to BPA and bisphenol S (BPS) was assessed using a food consumption frequency questionnaire. Logistic regression models were used to assess the influence of dietary exposure to bisphenols on overweight and obesity stratified by sex.
For females, cases had significantly higher exposure to BPA from meat and eggs compared to controls (median = 319.55, interquartile range (IQR) = 176.39-381.01 vs 231.79 (IQR) = 162.11-350.19, p-value = 0.046). Diet quality was higher for controls (6.21 (2.14) vs 4.80 (2.24) p < 0.001) among males independently of a high or low exposure to bisphenols. However, higher diet quality was observed for female controls with an high exposure of total bisphenols (6.79 (2.04) vs 5.33 (2.02) p = 0.031). Females exposed to high levels of BPA from meat and eggs had higher likelihood of being overweight and obese (adjusted Odds Ratio = 2.70, 95% confidence interval = 1.00 - 7.32). However, no consistent associations were found in males.
High BPA levels from meat and eggs were positively associated with overweight and obesity in females. The dietary intake of BPA in the schoolchildren in the present study was much higher than the acceptable daily intake established by EFSA for the last year.
在过去的三十年中，超重和肥胖的患病率和发病率在全球范围内显著增加。肥胖原假说表明，某些外部因素可能通过刺激脂肪细胞分化和增殖来影响与脂肪积累和能量平衡相关的途径。先前的研究表明，接触双酚 A（BPA）及其某些类似物可能会通过促进前脂肪细胞向脂肪细胞的转化来影响脂肪积累。本研究旨在根据性别评估西班牙儿童样本中饮食中双酚暴露对超重和肥胖发生的可能性的贡献。
从 179 名对照者和 124 名 3-12 岁的学龄儿童中收集饮食和人体测量数据。使用食物消费频率问卷评估 BPA 和双酚 S（BPS）的饮食暴露情况。使用逻辑回归模型评估性别分层的双酚饮食暴露对超重和肥胖的影响。
对于女性，与对照组相比，病例组从肉类和蛋类中摄入的 BPA 暴露量明显更高（中位数=319.55，四分位距（IQR）=176.39-381.01 与 231.79（IQR）=162.11-350.19，p 值=0.046）。与双酚高或低暴露无关，男性对照组的饮食质量更高（6.21（2.14）与 4.80（2.24），p<0.001）。然而，高总双酚暴露的女性对照组的饮食质量更高（6.79（2.04）与 5.33（2.02），p=0.031）。从肉类和蛋类中摄入高 BPA 水平的女性超重和肥胖的可能性更高（调整后的优势比=2.70，95%置信区间=1.00-7.32）。然而，在男性中没有发现一致的关联。
肉类和蛋类中的高 BPA 水平与女性超重和肥胖呈正相关。本研究中学龄儿童的 BPA 饮食摄入量远高于 EFSA 去年确定的可接受日摄入量。
