School of Public Health, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea; Institute of Health and Environment, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea.
Department of Marine Science and Convergence Engineering, Hanyang University, Ansan 15588, Republic of Korea.
Sci Total Environ. 2020 Nov 20;744:140856. doi: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.140856. Epub 2020 Jul 12.
Due to the health concerns over bisphenol A (BPA), bisphenol S (BPS) has been used as an alternative in greater quantity. Diet is considered as the major source of exposure to bisphenols; however, its contribution to the total body burden has not been fully understood. In the present study, a 3-day dietary intervention was carried out for a group of mother and child(ren) pairs (37 families, 93 subjects), and contribution of the dietary factors to body burden of both bisphenols was investigated. During the intervention, the participants were asked to refrain from the foods in cans and plastic containers, fast foods, and delivery foods. Urinary levels of BPA and BPS were measured before, during, and after the intervention. In addition, the questionnaire survey was conducted for potential contributors to BPA and BPS exposure. Following the intervention, urinary levels of BPA and BPS of the mothers decreased on average by 53.1% (95% CI: -30.0, -68.6), and 63.9% (95% CI: -37.1, -79.3), respectively. Among the children, urinary BPA concentrations decreased by 47.5% (95% CI: -25.6, -62.9) by the intervention. However, BPS levels in urine did not change in the children. Interestingly, urinary BPS concentrations of the children measured during the non-intervention period were greater than those of the mothers in the same period. Consumption frequencies of several food items, e.g., canned foods, take-out drinks, or fast foods, were significantly correlated with elevated levels of urinary BPA or BPS concentrations. The results of this intervention study emphasize the importance of dietary contribution to BPA exposure among the mothers and children. Our findings also show that non-dietary sources could be a more important contributor for certain people, especially to BPS exposure among children. Further studies are warranted to identify the sources of BPS exposure among children.
由于对双酚 A（BPA）的健康担忧，双酚 S（BPS）已被更多地用作替代品。饮食被认为是接触双酚类物质的主要来源；然而，其对人体总负荷的贡献尚未完全了解。在本研究中，对一组母婴（37 个家庭，93 人）进行了为期 3 天的饮食干预，并研究了饮食因素对这两种双酚类物质在体内负荷的贡献。在干预期间，要求参与者避免食用罐装和塑料容器中的食物、快餐和外卖食品。在干预前、干预中和干预后测量了 BPA 和 BPS 的尿液水平。此外，还对 BPA 和 BPS 暴露的潜在因素进行了问卷调查。干预后，母亲的 BPA 和 BPS 尿液水平平均分别下降了 53.1%（95%CI：-30.0，-68.6）和 63.9%（95%CI：-37.1，-79.3）。在儿童中，干预后尿液中的 BPA 浓度下降了 47.5%（95%CI：-25.6，-62.9）。然而，儿童尿液中的 BPS 水平没有变化。有趣的是，在非干预期间测量的儿童尿液中 BPS 浓度高于同期母亲的尿液浓度。几种食物的消费频率，如罐装食品、外卖饮料或快餐，与尿液中 BPA 或 BPS 浓度升高显著相关。这项干预研究的结果强调了饮食对母亲和儿童 BPA 暴露的重要性。我们的研究结果还表明，非饮食来源可能是某些人（尤其是儿童）接触 BPS 的更重要来源。需要进一步研究以确定儿童接触 BPS 的来源。
