Singer J Z, Wallace S L
Arthritis Rheum. 1986 Jan;29(1):82-7. doi: 10.1002/art.1780290111.
Patients receiving allopurinol are at risk of developing the allopurinol hypersensitivity syndrome, an immunologic reaction to the drug, characterized by multiple abnormalities such as fever, rash, decreased renal function, hepatocellular injury, leukocytosis, and eosinophilia. The records of 8 patients with the allopurinol hypersensitivity syndrome evaluated at the Downstate Medical Center hospitals and an additional 72 patients described in the literature were reviewed. All were seriously ill. Three of the 8 patients at the Downstate Medical Center hospitals died as a result of allopurinol hypersensitivity; 19 of the 72 previously described patients also died from consequences of taking the drug. Only 1 of our 8 patients with allopurinol hypersensitivity was given allopurinol for an appropriate reason. Eight of the 59 previously described patients on whom there was adequate information had legitimate indications for allopurinol therapy. Severe, often fatal iatrogenic disease occurred unnecessarily in the others.
接受别嘌醇治疗的患者有发生别嘌醇超敏综合征的风险，这是一种对该药物的免疫反应，其特征为多种异常情况，如发热、皮疹、肾功能减退、肝细胞损伤、白细胞增多和嗜酸性粒细胞增多。对在纽约州立大学下州医学中心医院接受评估的8例别嘌醇超敏综合征患者的病历以及文献中描述的另外72例患者进行了回顾。所有患者病情都很严重。纽约州立大学下州医学中心医院的8例患者中有3例因别嘌醇超敏反应死亡；先前描述的72例患者中有19例也死于服用该药物的后果。我们的8例别嘌醇超敏综合征患者中只有1例使用别嘌醇的理由恰当。先前描述的59例患者中有8例有足够信息表明有使用别嘌醇治疗的合理指征。其他患者则不必要地发生了严重的、往往是致命的医源性疾病。
