Zeng Maogui, Zhang Kuan, Yang Juan, Zhang Yu, You Pengcheng, Yan Lin, Weng Yiling
The Second Affiliated Hospital of Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, People's Republic of China.
Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine in Medical Institutions of Fujian Province, Fuzhou, People's Republic of China.
Phytother Res. 2024 Dec;38(12):6023-6034. doi: 10.1002/ptr.8359. Epub 2024 Oct 30.
Ginseng is a kind of traditional Chinese medicine. It is widely believed that ginseng can improve cognitive function, but its clinical efficacy is still controversial. This study aimed to systematically evaluate the effects of ginseng on cognitive function improvement. This is a systematic review and meta-analysis of the randomized controlled trials (RCTs). Searching PubMed, Web of Science, the Cochrane Library, and Medline databases to collect RCTs of ginseng on the effects of human cognitive function. The time range is from the establishment of the database to December 2023. The main intervention in the trials was ginseng preparation. The Cochrane risk-of-bias tool 2.0 (RoB2.0) and Jadad scale were used to assess the risk of bias and evaluate the quality of the included articles. After data extraction, meta-analysis was performed using Stata 17.0 software. A total of 15 RCTs were included, and 671 patients were analyzed. The subjects included healthy people, patients of cognitive impairment, schizophrenia, hospitalized, and Alzheimer's disease. The intervention measures were mainly ginseng preparations. The meta-analysis results indicated that ginseng has a significant effect on memory improvement (SMD = 0.19, 95%CI: 0.02-0.36, p < 0.05), especially at high doses (SMD = 0.33, 95%CI: 0.04-0.61, p < 0.05). Ginseng did not have a positive effect on overall cognition, attention, and executive function (SMD = 0.06, 95%CI: -0.64-0.77, p = 0.86; SMD = 0.06, 95%CI: -0.12 to 0.23, p = 0.54; SMD = -0.03, 95%CI: -0.28 to 0.21, p = 0.79). Ginseng has some positive effects on cognitive improvement, especially on memory improvement. But in the future, more high-quality studies are needed to determine the effects of ginseng on cognitive function. Trial Registration: Prospero: CRD42024514231.
人参是一种传统中药。人们普遍认为人参可以改善认知功能，但其临床疗效仍存在争议。本研究旨在系统评价人参对改善认知功能的作用。这是一项对随机对照试验（RCT）的系统评价和荟萃分析。检索PubMed、Web of Science、Cochrane图书馆和Medline数据库，以收集人参对人类认知功能影响的RCT。时间范围是从数据库建立到2023年12月。试验中的主要干预措施为人参制剂。使用Cochrane偏倚风险工具2.0（RoB2.0）和Jadad量表评估偏倚风险并评价纳入文章的质量。数据提取后，使用Stata 17.0软件进行荟萃分析。共纳入15项RCT，分析了671例患者。受试者包括健康人、认知障碍患者、精神分裂症患者、住院患者和阿尔茨海默病患者。干预措施主要为人参制剂。荟萃分析结果表明，人参对改善记忆力有显著作用（标准化均数差[SMD]=0.19，95%置信区间[CI]：0.02 - 0.36，p<0.05），尤其是高剂量时（SMD=0.33，95%CI：0.04 - 0.61，p<0.05）。人参对整体认知、注意力和执行功能没有积极作用（SMD=0.06，95%CI：-0.64 - 0.77，p=0.86；SMD=0.06，95%CI：-0.12至0.23，p=0.54；SMD=-0.03，95%CI：-0.28至0.21，p=0.79）。人参对认知改善有一定积极作用，尤其是对记忆力的改善。但未来需要更多高质量研究来确定人参对认知功能的影响。试验注册：国际前瞻性系统评价注册库（Prospero）：CRD42024514231。
