Instituto Nacional de Medicina Tropical-Administración Nacional de Laboratorios e Institutos (INMeT-ANLIS), Ámbar y Almafuerte, CP 3370, Puerto Iguazú, Misiones, Argentina.
Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas, Godoy Cruz 2290, Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires, Argentina.
An Acad Bras Cienc. 2024 Oct 28;96(4):e20240352. doi: 10.1590/0001-3765202420240352. eCollection 2024.
To understand the ecoepidemiology of fleas and their interactions with domestic and wild animals, it is necessary to decode the cycles of flea abundance in relation to host species and environmental factors. The province of Misiones, known for its biodiversity and land use changes, provides an excellent study location. We assessed the diversity, prevalence, abundance, and parasitic intensity of fleas collected from 1153 rodents and opossums in various environments in the Upper Paraná Atlantic Forest of Argentina, considering phytogeography and land use. Our findings were consistent with previous studies conducted in humid regions of Argentina and the Atlantic Forest in Brazil. Hosts with high population density exhibited greater flea prevalence and abundance, and widely distributed hosts showed higher flea species richness and diversity. Significant similarities in flea similarity indices among phytogeographic areas, especially in forest. Environments with an anthropogenic gradient exhibited marked dissimilarities, with higher species richness and diversity in less disturbed sites. These parameters may be influenced by the presence of polyxenous Ctenocephalides, Polygenis, and Adoratopsylla fleas co-infesting opossum in urban areas. These findings provide valuable insights into the ecoepidemiology of fleas, their relationships with host species, and the impact of environmental factors in a strategic Atlantic forest ecoregion.
为了理解跳蚤的生态流行病学及其与家养和野生动物的相互作用，有必要解码跳蚤丰度与宿主物种和环境因素的关系周期。米西奥内斯省以其生物多样性和土地利用变化而闻名，是一个极好的研究地点。我们评估了从阿根廷上巴拉那大西洋森林的各种环境中采集的 1153 只啮齿动物和负鼠身上的跳蚤的多样性、流行率、丰度和寄生强度，考虑了植物地理学和土地利用。我们的发现与在阿根廷湿润地区和巴西大西洋森林进行的先前研究一致。种群密度高的宿主表现出更高的跳蚤流行率和丰度，分布广泛的宿主表现出更高的跳蚤物种丰富度和多样性。在植物地理区域之间，尤其是在森林中，跳蚤相似性指数存在显著相似性。具有人为梯度的环境表现出明显的不相似性，受干扰较小的地方具有更高的物种丰富度和多样性。这些参数可能受到多宿主的跳蚤、多基因跳蚤和共同感染负鼠的 Adoratopsylla 跳蚤的存在的影响。这些发现为了解跳蚤的生态流行病学及其与宿主物种的关系以及环境因素在战略大西洋森林生态区的影响提供了有价值的见解。
