MOE Key Laboratory of Pollution Processes and Environmental Criteria, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nankai University, Tianjin 300350, China; Tianjin Engineering Research Center of Environmental Diagnosis and Contamination Remediation, Tianjin 300350, China.
MOE Key Laboratory of Pollution Processes and Environmental Criteria, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nankai University, Tianjin 300350, China; Tianjin Engineering Research Center of Environmental Diagnosis and Contamination Remediation, Tianjin 300350, China.
Sci Total Environ. 2024 Dec 10;955:177248. doi: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.177248. Epub 2024 Oct 31.
N-(1,3-dimethylbutyl)-N'-phenyl-p-phenylenediamine (6PPD), a widely utilized antioxidant in automobile tires and rubber goods, is frequently detected in aquatic ecosystems and poses a potential threat to aquatic organisms. However, research on the impact of 6PPD on aquatic plants is still scarce. Here, we investigated the bioaccumulation of 6PPD in Myriophyllum verticillatum (M. verticillatum) (watermilfoil), and its impacts on biochemical characteristics and metabolomics. 6PPD (10,100 mg/L) significantly inhibited the growth and photosynthetic pigment content of M. verticillatum. After 14 days of exposure to 100 μg/L 6PPD, accumulation levels of 6PPD and its metabolite 6PPDQ in M. verticillatum reached 0.52 mg/kg and 0.09 mg/kg, respectively. Moreover, 6PPD significantly induced the activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD), peroxidase (POD), catalase (CAT) enzymes and glutathione (GSH), reducing the levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and malondialdehyde (MDA), thereby mitigating oxidative damage in M. verticillatum. Furthermore, metabolic pathway analysis revealed that 6PPD has remarkable effects on amino acid and sugar metabolism. This study provides data support for understanding the toxic effects of 6PPD on aquatic plants and evaluating its potential risks.
N-(1,3-二甲基丁基)-N'-苯基-对苯二胺（6PPD）是一种广泛应用于汽车轮胎和橡胶制品的抗氧化剂，经常在水生生态系统中被检测到，对水生生物构成潜在威胁。然而，关于 6PPD 对水生植物影响的研究仍然很少。在这里，我们研究了 6PPD 在水蕰草（Myriophyllum verticillatum）（水芹）中的生物积累及其对生化特性和代谢组学的影响。6PPD（10,100mg/L）显著抑制了水蕰草的生长和光合色素含量。在暴露于 100μg/L 6PPD 14 天后，水蕰草中 6PPD 和其代谢物 6PPDQ 的积累水平分别达到 0.52mg/kg 和 0.09mg/kg。此外，6PPD 显著诱导了超氧化物歧化酶（SOD）、过氧化物酶（POD）、过氧化氢酶（CAT）酶和谷胱甘肽（GSH）的活性，降低了活性氧（ROS）和丙二醛（MDA）的水平，从而减轻了水蕰草的氧化损伤。此外，代谢途径分析表明，6PPD 对氨基酸和糖代谢有显著影响。本研究为了解 6PPD 对水生植物的毒性作用和评估其潜在风险提供了数据支持。
