Niu Yueying, Lian Xue, Li Xiaosi, Ge Xiang, Wang Haiqin
Department of Respiratory Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Jiaxing University, Jiaxing, Zhejiang 314000, P.R. China.
Department of Respiratory Medicine, Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu, Anhui 233000, P.R. China.
Exp Ther Med. 2024 Oct 14;28(6):455. doi: 10.3892/etm.2024.12745. eCollection 2024 Dec.
The present study aimed to analyse the types of pathogens infecting adults with bronchiectasis and the effects of different pathogens on the number of acute exacerbations and the length of hospitalization for 1 year in patients with severe bronchiectasis. A total of 522 patients with bronchiectasis admitted to the Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine at the Second Hospital of Jiaxing (Zhejiang, China) between January 2019 and December 2022 were retrospectively analysed. The patients were divided into a mild to moderate group and a severe group according to the bronchiectasis severity index criteria. The basic and clinical information of all the patients was collected. The patients were followed up for 1 year after the day when the sputum or alveolar lavage fluid samples tested positive for pathogens. The follow-up information included the exacerbation of cough symptoms, the number of hospitalizations and the number of days of antibiotic use in patients with bronchiectasis. A total of 522 patients with bronchiectasis were positive for pathogens, including 192 patients with (; 36.8%), 60 patients with (; 11.5%), 48 patients with mixed pathogens (≥2 pathogens at the same time; 9.2%), 36 patients with (6.9%), 33 patients with (6.3%), 30 patients with (5.7%), 15 patients with (; 2.9%) and 108 patients with other pathogens (20.7%). Compared with patients with mild to moderate bronchiectasis, patients with severe bronchiectasis were more likely to have but less likely to have and other pathogens. The length of hospitalization and duration of antibiotic use in the severe group of patients with bronchiectasis caused by , , or were significantly longer than those in the mild to moderate group. During the 1-year follow-up, the number of acute exacerbations and hospitalizations of patients with severe bronchiectasis caused by and were significantly greater than those of patients with severe bronchiectasis caused by other pathogens. According to logistic regression analysis, and were independent risk factors for acute exacerbation of severe bronchiectasis in the following year. In patients with severe bronchiectasis, the pathogens , and were independent risk factors for future acute exacerbations and increased risk of hospitalization.
本研究旨在分析感染支气管扩张症成人患者的病原体类型，以及不同病原体对重度支气管扩张症患者1年中急性加重次数和住院时长的影响。回顾性分析了2019年1月至2022年12月期间嘉兴市第二医院（中国浙江）呼吸与危重症医学科收治的522例支气管扩张症患者。根据支气管扩张严重指数标准将患者分为轻度至中度组和重度组。收集了所有患者的基本和临床信息。在痰液或肺泡灌洗液样本病原体检测呈阳性之日后对患者进行了1年的随访。随访信息包括支气管扩张症患者咳嗽症状的加重情况、住院次数以及抗生素使用天数。共有522例支气管扩张症患者病原体检测呈阳性，其中192例患者感染 （；36.8%），60例患者感染 （；11.5%），48例患者感染混合病原体（同时感染≥2种病原体；9.2%），36例患者感染 （6.9%），33例患者感染 （6.3%），30例患者感染 （5.7%），15例患者感染 （；2.9%），108例患者感染其他病原体（20.7%）。与轻度至中度支气管扩张症患者相比，重度支气管扩张症患者更易感染 ，但感染 和其他病原体的可能性较小。由 、 或 引起的重度支气管扩张症患者组的住院时长和抗生素使用时长显著长于轻度至中度组。在1年的随访期间，由 和 引起的重度支气管扩张症患者的急性加重次数和住院次数显著多于由其他病原体引起的重度支气管扩张症患者。根据逻辑回归分析， 和 是次年重度支气管扩张症急性加重的独立危险因素。在重度支气管扩张症患者中，病原体 、 和 是未来急性加重和住院风险增加的独立危险因素。
