Department of Ophthalmology, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC.
F. I. Proctor Foundation, University of California, San Francisco, CA.
Int Ophthalmol Clin. 2024 Oct 1;64(4):55-61. doi: 10.1097/IIO.0000000000000533. Epub 2024 Oct 29.
First identified in the Democratic Republic of the Congo (DRC, formerly Zaire) in 1976, Ebola virus disease (EVD) outbreaks have afflicted thousands of Congolese over the past several decades. The nation's largest outbreak of EVD in 2018-2020 was complicated by security challenges as well as large case numbers across an expansive geographic region. These factors provided challenges for logistical considerations as well as clinical coverage. In conjunction with the EVD survivor care program spearheaded by the Ministry of Health in DRC, the DRC Intitut National de Recherche Biomédicale, (DRC Institut National de Recherche Biomedicale, DRC National Institute of Biomedical Research) and others, we launched a multidimensional effort to provide ophthalmic care to EVD survivors. During the engagement period, 237 EVD survivors were screened, 56% of which were women. The 237 EVD survivors constituted ∼75% of the total EVD survivors who were discharged at the time of the intervention. The mean time from EVD symptom onset to evaluation was 4.6 months ± 1.8 SD (range: 24 d to 8.5 mo). Ninety-seven (41%) of EVD survivors screened reported ocular symptoms during or after acute illness, such as itchy eyes (49%), eye pain (25%), and tears (24%). Ophthalmic findings, including retinal scarring, active uveitis, dry eye disease, cataracts, and glaucoma, were also identified. The need for continued monitoring and longitudinal care for EVD survivors is evident from the expanding body of literature pertaining to post-acute sequelae, including ophthalmic manifestations. Initiatives for such care should be conducted across and in conjunction with multidisciplinary stakeholders for contextualization and effectiveness.
埃博拉病毒病(EVD)于 1976 年首次在刚果民主共和国(刚果(金),前扎伊尔)发现,在过去几十年中,数千名刚果人受到该病的影响。2018-2020 年期间,刚果(金)爆发了该国历史上规模最大的埃博拉疫情,安全挑战以及在广阔地理区域出现大量病例,使得疫情应对工作变得复杂。这些因素对后勤考虑因素以及临床覆盖范围都构成了挑战。我们与刚果(金)卫生部领导的埃博拉幸存者护理计划、刚果(金)国家生物医学研究所(DRC Institut National de Recherche Biomedicale)以及其他机构合作,发起了一项提供眼科护理的多维努力,以治疗埃博拉幸存者。在参与期间,对 237 名埃博拉幸存者进行了筛查,其中 56%为女性。237 名埃博拉幸存者占当时接受干预时出院的所有埃博拉幸存者的约 75%。从埃博拉症状发作到评估的平均时间为 4.6 个月±1.8 SD(范围:24 天至 8.5 个月)。在接受筛查的 237 名埃博拉幸存者中,有 97 名(41%)在急性疾病期间或之后报告了眼部症状,如眼睛瘙痒(49%)、眼痛(25%)和流泪(24%)。还发现了眼部病变,包括视网膜瘢痕、活动性葡萄膜炎、干眼症、白内障和青光眼。从与急性后遗症相关的文献不断增加,包括眼部表现,可以看出,需要对埃博拉幸存者进行持续监测和长期护理。这种护理应该在多学科利益相关者的合作下进行,以进行背景化和提高效果。