School of Physics and Electronic Information, Anhui Normal University, Wuhu 241000, China.
Key Laboratory of Environmental Optics and Technology, Anhui Institute of Optics and Fine Mechanics, Hefei Institutes of Physical Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei 230031, China.
J Environ Sci (China). 2025 May;151:652-666. doi: 10.1016/j.jes.2024.04.024. Epub 2024 Apr 26.
Studying the spatiotemporal distribution and transboundary transport of aerosols, NO, SO, and HCHO in typical regions is crucial for understanding regional pollution causes. In a 2-year study using multi-axis differential optical absorption spectroscopy in Qingdao, Shanghai, Xi'an, and Kunming, we investigated pollutant distribution and transport across Eastern China-Ocean, Tibetan Plateau-Central and Eastern China, and China-Southeast Asia interfaces. First, pollutant distribution was analyzed. Kunming, frequently clouded and misty, exhibited consistently high aerosol optical depth throughout the year. In Qingdao and Shanghai, NO and SO, as well as SO in Xi'an, increased in winter. Elevated HCHO in summer in Shanghai and Xi'an, especially Xi'an, suggests potential ozone pollution issues. Subsequently, pollutant transportation across interfaces was studied. At the Eastern China-Ocean interface, the gas transport flux was the largest among other interfaces, with the outflux exceeding the influx, especially in winter and spring. The input of pollutants from the Tibetan Plateau to central-eastern China was larger than the output in winter and spring, with SO having the highest transport flux in winter. The pollution input from Southeast Asia to China significantly exceeded the output, with spring and winter inputs being 3.22 and 3.03 times the output, respectively. Lastly, the transportation characteristics of a pollution event at Kunming were studied. During this period, pollutants were transported from west to east, with the maximum SO transport flux at an altitude of 2.87 km equaling 27.74 µg/(m·s). It is speculated that this pollution was caused by the transport from Southeast Asian countries to Kunming.
研究气溶胶、NO、SO 和 HCHO 在典型区域的时空分布和跨境传输，对于了解区域污染成因至关重要。在为期 2 年的研究中，我们使用多轴差分光学吸收光谱仪在青岛、上海、西安和昆明进行了观测，研究了东海-青藏高原-中国中东部和中国-东南亚界面的污染物分布和传输。首先，分析了污染物的分布。昆明经常多云多雾，全年气溶胶光学厚度持续较高。在青岛和上海，以及西安的 SO，冬季 NO 和 SO 增加。上海和西安夏季 HCHO 升高，尤其是西安，表明可能存在臭氧污染问题。随后，研究了界面间的污染物传输。在东海界面，气体传输通量在其他界面中最大，流出量超过流入量，尤其是在冬季和春季。冬季和春季，青藏高原向中国中东部输入的污染物多于输出，其中 SO 的传输通量最大。来自东南亚向中国的污染输入显著超过输出，春季和冬季输入分别是输出的 3.22 和 3.03 倍。最后，研究了昆明一次污染事件的传输特征。在此期间，污染物从西向东传输，SO 的最大传输通量在海拔 2.87 公里处达到 27.74 µg/（m·s）。推测此次污染是由东南亚国家向昆明输送造成的。
