Department of Materials Science & Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Kanpur, Kanpur 208018 Uttar Pradesh, India.
Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara 144401 Punjab, India.
ACS Appl Bio Mater. 2024 Nov 18;7(11):7608-7623. doi: 10.1021/acsabm.4c01184. Epub 2024 Oct 31.
In the present study, we have developed an agar-based asymmetric Janus nanofibrous wound dressing comprising a support and an electrospun layer with antibacterial and antioxidant properties, respectively, to facilitate healing effectively. The support layer containing agar and silver nitrate was fabricated by using solvent casting for sustained release, combating the dose-dependent cytotoxicity of silver nanoparticles, where nanoparticles were synthesized using a one-pot reduction method. The electrospun layer, fabricated with a mixture of agar and polycaprolactone infused with gallic acid, was electrospun over the support layer to impart antioxidant properties. Characterizations using UV-vis spectroscopy, transmission electron microscopy, scanning electron microscopy, and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy validated the synthesis of nanoparticles in 10-20 nm diameter and the asymmetric Janus dressing. The developed Janus nanofibrous structure exhibited 98% porosity, excellent fluid-handling properties, a moisture permeability of 1200 g/m/day, and a water absorption of ∼250%. Moreover, the time-kill assay confirmed potent bacteriostatic effect against Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria, and sustained release of silver nanoparticles followed the Korsmeyer-Peppas model. With over 90% free radical scavenging efficacy, 37% degradation in 7 days, and less than 2% hemolysis, the dressings demonstrated exceptional antioxidant, biodegradable, and hemocompatible properties. The biocompatibility assessment further confirmed its cytocompatible efficacy, with more than 79% wound closure in the wound scratch assay. Most importantly, in vivo studies demonstrated the efficacy of the developed Janus dressing, promoting over 97% healing within 12 days of injury with higher epithelial formation. Overall, the in vitro and in vivo assessment of the developed Janus dressing confirmed its potential to function as a versatile and effective material for wound care applications.
在本研究中，我们开发了一种基于琼脂的不对称 Janus 纳米纤维伤口敷料，由具有抗菌和抗氧化性能的支撑层和电纺层组成，以有效促进愈合。支撑层含有琼脂和硝酸银，通过溶剂浇铸法制备，以实现持续释放，对抗银纳米粒子的剂量依赖性细胞毒性，其中纳米粒子是通过一锅还原法合成的。电纺层由琼脂和聚己内酯的混合物制成，其中注入了没食子酸，在支撑层上进行电纺，以赋予抗氧化性能。使用紫外-可见光谱、透射电子显微镜、扫描电子显微镜和傅里叶变换红外光谱对纳米粒子的直径为 10-20nm 的合成和不对称 Janus 敷料进行了表征。所开发的 Janus 纳米纤维结构具有 98%的孔隙率、优异的流体处理性能、1200g/m/天的透湿性和约 250%的吸水率。此外，时间杀伤试验证实了对革兰氏阳性和革兰氏阴性细菌的强大抑菌作用，并且银纳米粒子的释放遵循 Korsmeyer-Peppas 模型。该敷料具有超过 90%的自由基清除效率、7 天内 37%的降解和小于 2%的溶血，表现出出色的抗氧化、可生物降解和血液相容性。生物相容性评估进一步证实了其细胞相容性功效，在伤口划痕试验中超过 79%的伤口闭合。最重要的是，体内研究证实了所开发的 Janus 敷料的功效，在受伤后 12 天内促进了超过 97%的愈合，上皮形成更高。总体而言，对开发的 Janus 敷料的体外和体内评估证实了它作为伤口护理应用的多功能和有效材料的潜力。
