González-Johnson Lucas, Fariña Ariel, Farías Gonzalo, Zomosa Gustavo, Pinilla-González Víctor, Rojas-Solé Catalina
Faculty of Medicine, Universidad de Chile, Santiago 8330111, Chile;
University of Chile Clinical Hospital, Santiago 8380453, Chile;
NeuroSci. 2024 Oct 12;5(4):462-484. doi: 10.3390/neurosci5040034. eCollection 2024 Dec.
Brain radiation is a crucial tool in neuro-oncology for enhancing local tumor control, but it can lead to mild-to-profound and progressive impairments in cognitive function. Radiation-induced brain injury is a significant adverse effect of radiotherapy for cranioencephalic tumors, primarily caused by indirect cellular damage through the formation of free radicals. This results in late neurotoxicity manifesting as cognitive impairment due to free radical production. The aim of this review is to highlight the role of different substances, such as drugs used in the clinical setting and antioxidants such as ascorbate, in reducing the neurotoxicity associated with radiation-induced brain injury. Currently, there is mainly preclinical and clinical evidence supporting the benefit of these interventions, representing a cost-effective and straightforward neuroprotective strategy.
脑部放疗是神经肿瘤学中增强局部肿瘤控制的关键手段，但它可能导致从轻度到重度的渐进性认知功能损害。放射性脑损伤是颅脑肿瘤放疗的一种重要不良反应，主要是由自由基形成导致的间接细胞损伤引起的。这会导致晚期神经毒性，表现为由于自由基产生而导致的认知障碍。本综述的目的是强调不同物质的作用，如临床使用的药物和抗坏血酸等抗氧化剂，在降低与放射性脑损伤相关的神经毒性方面的作用。目前，主要有临床前和临床证据支持这些干预措施的益处，这代表了一种具有成本效益且直接的神经保护策略。
