College of Forestry and Landscape Architecture, Anhui Agricultural University, Changjiang West Road 130, Shushan District, Hefei 230036, China.
College of Food and Nutrition, Anhui Agricultural University, Changjiang West Road 130, Shushan District, Hefei 230036, China.
ACS Nano. 2024 Nov 12;18(45):31188-31203. doi: 10.1021/acsnano.4c09001. Epub 2024 Nov 1.
Salt stress has strongly impacted the long-term growth of eco-friendly farming worldwide. By targeting the oxidative stress induced by salt, the utilization of biomass-derived carbon dots (CDs) that possess high-efficiency antioxidant properties, are nontoxic, and have excellent biocompatibility represents a viable and effective approach for enhancing the salt tolerance of plants. In this study, we blended magnesium oxide nanoparticles with carbon sources derived from durian shells to construct Mg-doped carbon dots (Mg-CDs) through a hydrothermal reaction. We demonstrated that the foliar application of 150 μg/mL Mg-CDs to rice plants after treatment with 100 mM salt effectively increased the plant height (9.52%), fresh weight (22.41%), dry weight (33.33%), K content (21.46%), chlorophyll content (36.21%), and carotenoid content (16.21%); decreased the malondialdehyde (MDA) (9.43%), Na (25.75%), HO (17.50%), and O contents (37.99%); and promoted the photosynthetic system and antioxidant activity. Transcriptome analysis revealed that Mg-CD pretreatment triggered transcriptional reprogramming in rice seedlings. The enrichment analysis of the Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes pathways based on trend groups of gene expression patterns of Profile 8 and Profile 15 indicated that priming with Mg-CDs activated stress signaling- and defense-related pathways, such as metabolic pathways, biosynthesis of secondary metabolites, and photosynthesis pathways. These activations subsequently prompted the expression of genes related to the mitogen-activated protein kinase signaling pathway, hormone signal transduction, the oxidative stress response, and the photosynthetic system. This study demonstrated that the use of Mg-CDs represents a potential strategy to increase plant salt tolerance, creating the possibility for the regulation of crop salinity stress and offering valuable advancements in sustainable agriculture.
盐胁迫强烈影响了全球环保型农业的长期发展。通过靶向盐诱导的氧化应激，利用具有高效抗氧化特性、无毒且具有优异生物相容性的生物质衍生碳点（CDs）来提高植物的耐盐性是一种可行且有效的方法。在这项研究中，我们通过水热反应将氧化镁纳米粒子与榴莲壳衍生的碳源混合，构建了掺镁碳点（Mg-CDs）。我们证明，在 100mM 盐处理后，将 150μg/mL 的 Mg-CDs 叶片施用于水稻植株，可有效增加株高（9.52%）、鲜重（22.41%）、干重（33.33%）、K 含量（21.46%）、叶绿素含量（36.21%）和类胡萝卜素含量（16.21%）；降低 MDA（9.43%）、Na（25.75%）、HO（17.50%）和 O 含量（37.99%）；并促进光合作用系统和抗氧化活性。转录组分析表明，Mg-CD 预处理触发了水稻幼苗的转录重编程。基于 Profile 8 和 Profile 15 的基因表达模式趋势组的京都基因与基因组百科全书途径富集分析表明，Mg-CDs 预处理激活了与代谢途径、次生代谢物生物合成和光合作用途径相关的应激信号和防御相关途径。这些激活随后促使与丝裂原激活蛋白激酶信号通路、激素信号转导、氧化应激反应和光合作用系统相关的基因表达。本研究表明，使用 Mg-CDs 代表了提高植物耐盐性的一种潜在策略，为调节作物盐胁迫创造了可能性，并为可持续农业提供了有价值的进展。
