College of Health Sciences, Debre Markos University, Debre Markos, Ethiopia.
College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Mizan Tepi University, Mizan Aman, Ethiopia.
PLoS One. 2024 Nov 1;19(11):e0313116. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0313116. eCollection 2024.
According to World Health Organization, pregnant women should take an oral iron and folic acid every day for at least 3 months to prevent preterm birth, low birth weight, maternal anemia, and puerperal sepsis. In addition to keeping maternal health, it also plays a key role to support the fetus's healthy growth and development. Therefore, it is very important to know the magnitude of iron supplementation and its determinants in anemia hot spot regions of Ethiopia using an appropriate statistical analysis method.
The aim of this study is to determine the magnitude of iron supplementation and its associated factors in anemia hot spot regions of Ethiopia among pregnant women.
The study was done using the 2019 Ethiopian Mini Demographic and Health surveys data. Before any statistical analysis was done, the data were weighted using sampling weight for probability sampling and non-response. Then, a total weighted sample of 2116 reproductive age group women in anemia hot spot regions of Ethiopia were used for this study. A multilevel binary logistic regression model based on the Bayesian approach was fitted using the Brms R package to identify the determinants of iron supplementation in anemia hotspot regions of Ethiopia. Finally, the 95% credible interval (CrI) of the adjusted odds ratio (AOR) was used to assess statistical significance. If the interval includes 1, the result is considered non-significant.
This study showed that in anemia hotspot regions of Ethiopia, the overall magnitude of iron supplementation among pregnant women is 55.5% (95% CrI: 53.4%- 57.6%). Being rural resident (AOR = 0.57; 95% CrI 0.34-0.93), having higher education level (AOR = 3.2; 95% CrI 1.80-5.7), having secondary education level (AOR = 3.28; 95% CrI 2.13-5.1), being wealthy (AOR = 1.80; 95% CrI 1.27-2.54), being household headed by female (AOR = 0.55; 95% CrI 0.43-0.71) and, have no children (AOR = 0.4;95%CrI 0.17-0.98) were significantly associated with iron supplementation among pregnant women in anemia hotspot regions of Ethiopia.
The overall magnitude of iron supplementation among pregnant women in anemia hotspot regions of Ethiopia is notably low when compared to the World Health Organization's recommended target. Significant factors associated with higher iron supplementation included having secondary or higher education, rich in wealth, and being from a male-headed household. Conversely, being a rural resident, female-headed household, and having no children were associated with lower iron supplementation.
根据世界卫生组织的建议，孕妇应每天口服铁和叶酸至少 3 个月，以预防早产、低出生体重、产妇贫血和产褥期败血症。除了保持产妇健康外，这对于支持胎儿的健康成长和发育也起着关键作用。因此，了解埃塞俄比亚贫血热点地区孕妇铁补充的程度及其决定因素非常重要，需要使用适当的统计分析方法。
本研究旨在确定埃塞俄比亚贫血热点地区孕妇铁补充的程度及其相关因素。
本研究使用了 2019 年埃塞俄比亚微型人口与健康调查数据。在进行任何统计分析之前，使用抽样权重对数据进行了加权，以考虑概率抽样和无应答的影响。然后，使用贝叶斯方法的多水平二项逻辑回归模型，根据 Brms R 包，确定埃塞俄比亚贫血热点地区孕妇铁补充的决定因素。最后，使用调整后优势比（AOR）的 95%可信区间（CrI）来评估统计学意义。如果区间包括 1，则结果被认为无统计学意义。
本研究表明，在埃塞俄比亚贫血热点地区，孕妇铁补充的总体程度为 55.5%（95%CrI：53.4%-57.6%）。农村居民（AOR = 0.57；95%CrI 0.34-0.93）、高教育程度（AOR = 3.2；95%CrI 1.80-5.7）、中等教育程度（AOR = 3.28；95%CrI 2.13-5.1）、富有（AOR = 1.80；95%CrI 1.27-2.54）、女性为户主（AOR = 0.55；95%CrI 0.43-0.71）和没有孩子（AOR = 0.4；95%CrI 0.17-0.98）与埃塞俄比亚贫血热点地区孕妇的铁补充显著相关。
与世界卫生组织的建议目标相比，埃塞俄比亚贫血热点地区孕妇铁补充的总体程度明显较低。与较高铁补充相关的显著因素包括接受中等或高等教育、富有和来自男性为主导的家庭。相反，农村居民、女性为户主和没有孩子与较低的铁补充相关。
