Heidbreder E, Hüller U, Schäfer B, Heidland A
Dtsch Med Wochenschr. 1986 Mar 14;111(11):411-6. doi: 10.1055/s-2008-1068465.
Using photography of the fundus oculi the eyeground of 186 patients with histologically different forms of nephritis, 68 patients with essential hypertension and 10 patients with renovascular hypertension was investigated and evaluated. The fundal lesions were classified according to the grades recommended by WHO. Although in many individual cases the duration of the disease was short and the patients were young, the eyeground changes in renal hypertension were notably severe. Taking as basis comparable pressure rises, marked signs of fundus hypertonicus malignus were particularly frequent in primary and secondary hypertension with focal segmental sclerosis and membranoproliferative glomerulonephritis, whereas in essential hypertension non-malignant fundus hypertonicus predominated. The eyeground findings deteriorated further with impairment of renal function. Owing to the high incidence of severe fundal lesions in renal hypertension the eyeground of these patients should be examined and the hypertension treated accordingly even when the rise in blood pressure is relatively mild (less than 180/100 mm Hg).
利用眼底摄影技术，对186例患有组织学上不同类型肾炎的患者、68例原发性高血压患者和10例肾血管性高血压患者的眼底进行了检查和评估。眼底病变根据世界卫生组织推荐的分级标准进行分类。尽管在许多个体病例中疾病病程较短且患者较年轻，但肾性高血压患者的眼底变化明显更为严重。以可比的血压升高为基础，在原发性和继发性高血压伴局灶节段性硬化和膜增生性肾小球肾炎中，眼底恶性高血压的明显体征尤为常见，而在原发性高血压中，非恶性眼底高血压占主导。随着肾功能损害，眼底检查结果进一步恶化。由于肾性高血压患者严重眼底病变的发生率较高，即使血压升高相对较轻（低于180/100 mmHg），也应对这些患者进行眼底检查并相应地治疗高血压。
