University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen Plant Science Center, Department of Biology, Ole Maaløes Vej 5, 2200 Copenhagen N, Denmark.
University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen Plant Science Center, Department of Biology, Ole Maaløes Vej 5, 2200 Copenhagen N, Denmark; Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), Instituto de Hortofruticultura Subtropical y Mediterránea 'La Mayora' (IHSM), 29750 Algarrobo-Costa, Málaga, Spain.
Curr Opin Plant Biol. 2024 Dec;82:102650. doi: 10.1016/j.pbi.2024.102650. Epub 2024 Nov 1.
Plants use mRNA methylation to regulate gene expression. As in other eukaryotes, the only abundant methylated nucleotide in plant mRNA bodies is N6-methyladenosine (mA). The conserved core components of mA-based genetic control are a multi-subunit nuclear methyltransferase, and a set of nuclear and cytoplasmic RNA-binding proteins consisting of an mA recognition module, the YT521-B homology (YTH) domain, and long intrinsically disordered regions (IDRs). In plants, this system is essential for growth during embryonic and post-embryonic development, but emerging evidence also points to key functions in plant-virus interactions and stimulus-dependent gene regulation. Cytoplasmic YTH-domain proteins are particularly important for these functions, and recent progress has identified two elements of the underlying molecular mechanisms: IDR-mediated phase separation and conserved short linear motifs mediating interactions with other key mRNA-binding proteins.
植物利用 mRNA 甲基化来调节基因表达。与其他真核生物一样，植物 mRNA 体中唯一丰富的甲基化核苷酸是 N6-甲基腺苷（mA）。基于 mA 的遗传控制的保守核心组件是多亚基核甲基转移酶，以及一组由 mA 识别模块、YT521-B 同源（YTH）结构域和长的内在无序区域（IDR）组成的核和细胞质 RNA 结合蛋白。在植物中，该系统对于胚胎和胚胎后发育过程中的生长至关重要，但新出现的证据也表明其在植物-病毒相互作用和刺激依赖性基因调节中具有关键功能。细胞质 YTH 结构域蛋白对于这些功能尤为重要，最近的进展确定了潜在分子机制的两个要素：IDR 介导的相分离和保守的短线性基序介导与其他关键 mRNA 结合蛋白的相互作用。
