Beattie Amanda, Ahmed Mohamed, Chu Tianxing, Gebremichael Esayas, Elshalkany Muhamed, Abdelrehim Ramadan
Department of Physical and Environmental Sciences, Texas A&M University-Corpus Christi, Corpus Christi, TX 78412, USA.
Department of Physical and Environmental Sciences, Texas A&M University-Corpus Christi, Corpus Christi, TX 78412, USA.
Sci Total Environ. 2024 Dec 15;956:177280. doi: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.177280. Epub 2024 Nov 8.
Land subsidence and local sea-level rise are well-known on-going hazards that negatively impacting coastal regions, exacerbating coastal flooding, threatening infrastructure stability, accelerating erosion, and amplifying the risks of inundation and property damage. This study used four techniques to quantify land deformation rates in the Texas Coastal Bend region and to investigate the controlling factors on two different spatiotemporal scales: (1) local scale, where biweekly temporal gravity and campaign Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) measurements were acquired at six locations over 2 years (October 2020-September 2022); and (2) regional scale, where vertical displacement time series were extracted from the Interferometric Synthetic Aperture Radar (InSAR) and 15 permanent GNSS stations over 5 years (January 2017-November 2021). The observed inconsistency between land deformation rates derived from gravity (range: -33.32 ± 149.30 to +338.68 ± 107.93 mm/yr) and campaign GNSS (range: -17.91 ± 14.90 to +5.69 ± 9.93 mm/yr) surveys could be attributed to the short campaign period and the infrequency of data acquisition. The InSAR-derived deformation rates (range: -12.16 ± 0.12 to +11.70 ± 0.00 mm/yr) were consistent with the permanent GNSS-derived rates (range: -14.0 ± 0.6 to +9.0 ± 3.0 mm/yr); both indicated spatiotemporal variability in land deformation rates across the Texas Coastal Bend. A total of 4 coastal towns (-2.3 ± 3.3 mm/yr), 3 cities (-1.4 ± 2.6 mm/yr), 3 inland towns (-3.6 ± 4.2 mm/yr), and 7 industrial plants (-3.8 ± 5.8 mm/yr) were found to have significant land subsidence rates due to sediment compaction, growth faulting, oil/gas extraction, and groundwater extraction. Results of this study emphasize the advantages and limitations of four different techniques in quantifying land deformation rates; can enhance estimates of local sea-level rise; and offer valuable insights to support coastal communities in mitigating the impacts of land subsidence and improving their resilience.
地面沉降和局部海平面上升是众所周知的持续存在的危害，对沿海地区产生负面影响，加剧沿海洪水，威胁基础设施稳定性，加速侵蚀，并放大淹没和财产损失的风险。本研究使用了四种技术来量化德克萨斯州沿海弯曲地区的地面变形速率，并在两个不同的时空尺度上研究控制因素：（1）局部尺度，在2年（2020年10月至2022年9月）内于六个地点获取每两周一次的时间重力和活动全球导航卫星系统（GNSS）测量数据；（2）区域尺度，在5年（2017年1月至2021年11月）内从干涉合成孔径雷达（InSAR）和15个永久GNSS站提取垂直位移时间序列。重力测量得出的地面变形速率（范围：-33.32±149.30至+338.68±107.93毫米/年）与活动GNSS测量得出的结果（范围：-17.91±14.90至+5.69±9.93毫米/年）之间观察到的不一致，可归因于活动周期短和数据采集频率低。InSAR得出的变形速率（范围：-12.16±0.12至+11.70±0.00毫米/年）与永久GNSS得出的速率（范围：-14.0±0.6至+9.0±3.0毫米/年）一致；两者均表明德克萨斯州沿海弯曲地区地面变形速率存在时空变化。总共发现4个沿海城镇（-2.3±3.3毫米/年）、3个城市（-1.4±2.6毫米/年）、3个内陆城镇（-3.6±4.2毫米/年）和7个工业工厂（-3.8±5.8毫米/年）由于沉积物压实、生长断层、石油/天然气开采和地下水开采而具有显著的地面沉降速率。本研究结果强调了四种不同技术在量化地面变形速率方面的优点和局限性；可以提高对局部海平面上升的估计；并提供有价值的见解，以支持沿海社区减轻地面沉降的影响并提高其复原力。
