Siddiqui Salman Ilahi, Bashir Shahid, Khan Awais, Ghafoor Salman, Aziz Imran
Department of Electrical Engineering, University of Engineering and Technology (UET), Peshawar, Pakistan.
Department of Electrical Engineering, University of Science and Technology (UST), Bannu, Pakistan.
Sci Rep. 2024 Nov 3;14(1):26517. doi: 10.1038/s41598-024-75822-2.
An antenna array having a size of 45 [Formula: see text] 40 cm (5.7 [Formula: see text] 5 [Formula: see text]) and consisting of four pairs of printed U-shaped dipoles positioned above a metal reflector, for 5G Sub-6 GHz base station applications, is designed and tested. The array consists of eight excitation ports, one port for each dipole. Four parasitic square patches are etched on the bottom side of the dipole arms for producing radiations in 2.2 GHz and 3.8 GHz bands. The size of the reflector and height of the dipoles are optimized in order to enhance antenna gain up to 11.5 dB at 2.2 GHz and 14.5 dB at 3.8 GHz. Beam steering up to 20[Formula: see text] is achieved, using phase shifted simultaneous excitation of different ports. The proposed antenna array not only fulfills 5G base station requirements but is also simple and compact as it only requires eight ports to achieve dual-band, high-gain and beam steering operation in a single design. It also offers a unique feature of dual-sector coverage per panel, which results in an increased coverage capacity of the base station without increasing the system resources.
设计并测试了一种尺寸为45 [公式：见原文]×40厘米（5.7 [公式：见原文]×5 [公式：见原文]）、由四对印刷U形偶极子组成的天线阵列，这些偶极子位于金属反射器上方，用于5G Sub-6 GHz基站应用。该阵列由八个激励端口组成，每个偶极子一个端口。在偶极子臂的底部蚀刻了四个寄生方形贴片，用于在2.2 GHz和3.8 GHz频段产生辐射。对反射器的尺寸和偶极子的高度进行了优化，以便在2.2 GHz时将天线增益提高到11.5 dB，在3.8 GHz时提高到14.5 dB。通过对不同端口进行相移同时激励，实现了高达20[公式：见原文]的波束转向。所提出的天线阵列不仅满足5G基站要求，而且简单紧凑，因为它在单一设计中仅需八个端口即可实现双频段、高增益和波束转向操作。它还具有每个面板双扇区覆盖的独特特性，这在不增加系统资源的情况下提高了基站的覆盖容量。
