Yichun University, No. 576 Xuefu Road, Yuanzhou District, Yichun, 336000, Jiangxi Province, China.
Sci Rep. 2024 Nov 3;14(1):26524. doi: 10.1038/s41598-024-77812-w.
Patients hospitalized for neurosurgical procedures are highly susceptible to venous thromboembolism (VTE). It is crucial to evaluate the prevention beliefs of VTE among neurosurgical inpatients and analyse the influencing factors. This research sought to create an instrument grounded in the Health Belief Model (HBM) to evaluate the beliefs about VTE prevention and the factors influencing these beliefs among neurosurgical inpatients. A questionnaire comprising 28 questions was designed, validated, and distributed offline to 386 neurosurgical inpatients through random sampling. The data analysis was conducted using SPSS 26.0 and Amos 27.0. The measurement model was assessed through reliability, validity, and confirmatory factor analyses. Additionally, multiple linear regression analysis was utilized to identify the factors influencing VTE prevention beliefs. Statistical significance was determined by P values less than 0.05. The questionnaire encompassed six constructs, all of which exhibited strong internal consistency along with solid convergent and discriminant validity. VTE prevention beliefs score among neurosurgical inpatients was 99.56 (SD = 10.11). Among the belief dimensions, the scoring rate of perceived benefits and cues to action ranked highest, while perceived barriers were the lowest. The influencing factors of VTE prevention beliefs were educational attainment (β = 0.343, P < 0.001), receipt of VTE knowledge education from healthcare providers (β = 0.214, P < 0.001), Personal history of VTE (β = 0.175, P < 0.001), surgical history (β = 0.116, P < 0.01), sources of VTE-related information (β = 0.113, P < 0.01) and method of paying medical expenses (β = 0.112, P < 0.05). The questionnaire showed strong reliability and validity, and the results indicating that neurosurgical inpatients hold moderate beliefs about VTE prevention. While they recognize its benefits, barriers to preventive behaviors persist. Addressing these barriers and enhancing self-efficacy through targeted education and interventions is key to improving VTE prevention awareness and actions.
接受神经外科手术的患者极易发生静脉血栓栓塞症（VTE）。评估神经外科住院患者对 VTE 预防的信念并分析影响因素至关重要。本研究旨在基于健康信念模型（HBM）创建一种工具，以评估神经外科住院患者对 VTE 预防的信念及其影响因素。通过随机抽样，线下向 386 名神经外科住院患者发放了一份包含 28 个问题的问卷。使用 SPSS 26.0 和 Amos 27.0 进行数据分析。通过可靠性、有效性和验证性因子分析评估测量模型。此外，还使用多元线性回归分析来确定影响 VTE 预防信念的因素。统计学意义由 P 值小于 0.05 确定。问卷包括六个构念，所有构念均表现出较强的内部一致性以及可靠的收敛和区分效度。神经外科住院患者的 VTE 预防信念评分为 99.56（SD=10.11）。在信念维度中，感知益处和行动线索的评分率最高，而感知障碍的评分率最低。VTE 预防信念的影响因素包括教育程度（β=0.343，P<0.001）、从医护人员处获得 VTE 知识教育（β=0.214，P<0.001）、个人 VTE 史（β=0.175，P<0.001）、手术史（β=0.116，P<0.01）、VTE 相关信息来源（β=0.113，P<0.01）和医疗费用支付方式（β=0.112，P<0.05）。问卷具有较强的信度和效度，结果表明神经外科住院患者对 VTE 预防持有中等信念。他们认识到 VTE 的益处，但预防行为仍存在障碍。通过有针对性的教育和干预措施解决这些障碍并增强自我效能感，是提高 VTE 预防意识和行为的关键。
