Ten-Doménech Isabel, Moreno-Giménez Alba, Campos-Berga Laura, Zapata de Miguel Cristina, López-Nogueroles Marina, Parra-Llorca Anna, Quintás Guillermo, García-Blanco Ana, Gormaz María, Kuligowski Julia
Neonatal Research Group, Health Research Institute La Fe (IISLAFE), Valencia, Spain; Primary Care Interventions to Prevent Maternal and Child Chronic Diseases of Perinatal and Developmental Origin Network (RICORS-SAMID) (RD21/0012/0015), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain.
Neonatal Research Group, Health Research Institute La Fe (IISLAFE), Valencia, Spain; Mental Health Research Group, Health Research Institute La Fe (IISLAFE), Valencia, Spain.
J Lipid Res. 2024 Dec;65(12):100688. doi: 10.1016/j.jlr.2024.100688. Epub 2024 Oct 26.
Steroid hormones are biologically active factors in human milk (HM) that influence the physical and mental development of infants. Critically, maternal psychosocial stress has been associated with changes in HM steroid composition. This work aimed to characterize the steroid hormone profile of HM and pasteurized donor human milk (DHM) and assess the interplay between maternal physical and psychosocial status, the HM steroid profile, and infant outcomes. A targeted ultra-performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (UPLC-MS/MS) method was developed to quantify sixteen steroid hormones in HM samples. HM samples from mothers of term infants (N = 42) and preterm infants (N = 35) were collected at (i) recovery of birth weight or achievement of complete enteral nutrition, respectively, and (ii) 6 months later as well as DHM samples (N = 19) from 11 donors. The physical and psychosocial status of mothers and infant neurodevelopment and temperament were assessed through structured interviews and validated questionnaires. Fourteen steroids were detected in HM/DHM samples, with cortisol, 20β-dihydrocortisol, dehydroepiandrosterone, pregnenolone, and cortisone being present in > 48% of samples. Pregnenolone, 17α-OH-progesterone, and dehydroepiandrosterone are reported for the first time in HM. Whereas milk cortisol levels were not directly related to maternal physical and psychosocial status nor with infant development, cortisone, and pregnenolone correlated positively with maternal weight gain during pregnancy and were associated with maternal well-being and infant growth. The pasteurization process may have a detrimental effect on the steroid hormone levels in HM, which might influence the development of receptors.
类固醇激素是母乳中的生物活性因子，会影响婴儿的身心发育。关键的是，母亲的心理社会压力与母乳中类固醇成分的变化有关。这项研究旨在描述母乳和巴氏杀菌供体母乳（DHM）中的类固醇激素谱，并评估母亲的身体和心理社会状况、母乳类固醇谱与婴儿结局之间的相互作用。开发了一种靶向超高效液相色谱-串联质谱（UPLC-MS/MS）方法来定量母乳样本中的16种类固醇激素。分别在（i）足月儿母亲（N = 42）和早产儿母亲（N = 35）恢复出生体重或实现完全肠内营养时，以及（ii）6个月后收集母乳样本，同时收集了11名供体的DHM样本（N = 19）。通过结构化访谈和经过验证的问卷评估母亲的身体和心理社会状况以及婴儿的神经发育和气质。在母乳/DHM样本中检测到14种类固醇，其中皮质醇、20β-二氢皮质醇、脱氢表雄酮、孕烯醇酮和可的松在超过48%的样本中存在。孕烯醇酮、17α-羟基孕酮和脱氢表雄酮首次在母乳中被报道。母乳中的皮质醇水平与母亲的身体和心理社会状况以及婴儿发育均无直接关系，而可的松和孕烯醇酮与母亲孕期体重增加呈正相关，并与母亲的幸福感和婴儿生长有关。巴氏杀菌过程可能会对母乳中的类固醇激素水平产生不利影响，这可能会影响受体的发育。
