Wang Ting, de Graaf Tom, Williams Joshua, Wang Zhihao, Schuhmann Teresa, Duecker Felix, Sack Alexander T
Department of Cognitive Neuroscience, Faculty of Psychology and Neuroscience, Maastricht University, Maastricht, the Netherlands; Maastricht Brain Imaging Centre, Maastricht, the Netherlands.
Department of Cognitive Neuroscience, Faculty of Psychology and Neuroscience, Maastricht University, Maastricht, the Netherlands; Maastricht Brain Imaging Centre, Maastricht, the Netherlands.
Neurosci Biobehav Rev. 2023 Oct 27:105437. doi: 10.1016/j.neubiorev.2023.105437.
Spatial attention control involves specialized functions in both hemispheres of the brain, leading to hemispheric asymmetries. Neuropsychological models explain this lateralization mainly based on patient studies of hemineglect. Studies in healthy volunteers can mimic hemineglect using transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) by disrupting the left/right posterior parietal cortex (PPC) during visual detection tasks, enabling a comparison of hemispheric contributions to stimulus detection in the contra- versus ipsilateral hemifields. Kinsbourne's opponent processor model and Heilman's hemispatial model present contrasting hypotheses regarding the behavioral consequences of unilateral PPC disruption. A pivotal prediction in distinguishing between these models is the occurrence of ipsilateral enhancement. Our meta-analysis assessed inhibitory TMS effects on PPC during visual detection tasks across ten studies (1994-2022). PPC disruption caused contralateral impairment for bilateral stimuli, but no ipsilateral enhancement for unilateral or bilateral stimuli. These results are at odds with influential reports of ipsilateral enhancement after PPC disruption in healthy volunteers that have shaped the field of spatial attention research and should prompt a re-evaluation of current theoretical models of attention and their application to novel brain stimulation-based therapeutic interventions.
空间注意力控制涉及大脑两个半球的专门功能，导致半球不对称。神经心理学模型主要基于半侧空间忽视患者的研究来解释这种偏侧化。在健康志愿者中进行的研究可以通过在视觉检测任务期间使用经颅磁刺激（TMS）破坏左/右后顶叶皮层（PPC）来模拟半侧空间忽视，从而能够比较半球对同侧和对侧半视野中刺激检测的贡献。金斯伯恩的对立加工模型和海尔曼的半空间模型对单侧PPC破坏的行为后果提出了截然不同的假设。区分这些模型的一个关键预测是同侧增强的出现。我们的荟萃分析评估了在十项研究（1994 - 2022年）的视觉检测任务期间抑制性TMS对PPC的影响。PPC破坏对双侧刺激导致对侧损伤，但对单侧或双侧刺激没有同侧增强。这些结果与健康志愿者中PPC破坏后同侧增强的有影响力的报告不一致，这些报告塑造了空间注意力研究领域，应该促使对当前注意力理论模型及其在基于脑刺激的新型治疗干预中的应用进行重新评估。
