Rapid colorimetric and fluorescence identification of Pinelliae Rhizoma and adulterate Rhizoma Typhonii Flagelliformis using direct-LAMP assay.

Pinelliae Rhizoma, renowned for its medicinal benefits against cough, insomnia and inflammation, is frequently utilized in botanical dietary supplements and herbal products. However, due to high demand, there is a risk of adulteration. This study introduced Direct-Loop-Mediated Isothermal Amplification (Direct-LAMP), a rapid colorimetric technique, for distinguishing Pinelliae Rhizoma from its primary adulterant, Rhizoma Typhonii Flagelliformis. This method comprises three parts: DNA extraction-free direct lysis, isothermal amplification and prompt color development. The direct lysis process allows for release of genomic DNA within 2 min. The isothermal amplification reaction exhibits excellent analytical performance, detecting Pinelliae Rhizoma at levels as low as 0.1 pg and Rhizoma Typhonii Flagelliformis at 0.08 ng, while also demonstrating good linearity across a wide range, making it suitable for quantitative analysis. Two different color reagents are employed for these two different plant materials, resulting in dual-color changes for captivating visual detection. The developed direct-LAMP was also successfully validated across 48 actual samples.