Haque Md Uzzal, Alam Ahm Khurshid, Islam Shovon Md Tanjil, Sujon Khaled Mahmud, Hasan Maruf Md Mahmudul, Kabir Syed Rashel, Faisal Hoque Kazi Md, Reza Md Abu
Phytochemistry Research Laboratory, Department of Pharmacy, University of Rajshahi, Rajshahi, 6205, Bangladesh.
Institute of Biological Sciences, University of Rajshahi, Rajshahi, 6205, Bangladesh.
Heliyon. 2024 Oct 2;10(20):e38885. doi: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e38885. eCollection 2024 Oct 30.
Nowadays, there has been a significant surge in the exploration of anticancer compounds derived from medicinal plants due to their perceived safety and efficacy. Therefore, our objective was to investigate the antioxidant and antiproliferative properties, along with the phytoconstituents, of methanol extracts from various parts of 15 selected Bangladeshi medicinal plants. Standard spectrophotometric methods and confocal microscopy were utilized to assess the antioxidant and antiproliferative potential of these extracts. Additionally, phytochemical profiling was executed through gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) analysis. Among the extractives, bark exhibited the highest scavenging capacity against DPPH (IC: 10.3 ± 0.7 μg/mL) and hydroxyl (IC: 3.9 ± 0.1 μg/mL) free radicals. Furthermore, the total antioxidants, reducing power, and polyphenols of bark were higher than those of other extracts. bark also showed significant antiproliferative capacity against MCF-7 cells (86.67 %) in the MTT assay, followed by roots (83.92 %), leaves (44.09 %), and roots (25 %). Moreover, bark, roots, roots, and leaves-treated Ehrlich ascites carcinoma (EAC) cells demonstrated growth inhibition rates of 87.27 %, 80.45 %, 42.9 %, and 37.27 %, respectively. Fluorescence microscopic analysis of EAC cells treated with these extracts revealed apoptotic features such as condensed chromatin, cell shrinkage, nucleus fragmentation, and membrane blebbing compared to untreated EAC cells. The GC-MS analysis of bark identified 18 compounds, including various alcohols, alkenes, and esters. Additionally, a molecular docking study revealed oxalic acid, cyclohexyl dodecyl ester as the most potent compound (-6.5) active against breast cancer. In summary, our results demonstrate that bark possesses robust antioxidant and antiproliferative properties, along with potent antitumor compounds, which could be utilized in the treatment of carcinoma.
如今，由于人们认为源自药用植物的抗癌化合物具有安全性和有效性，对其的探索显著增加。因此，我们的目标是研究15种选定的孟加拉国药用植物各部位甲醇提取物的抗氧化和抗增殖特性以及植物成分。采用标准分光光度法和共聚焦显微镜来评估这些提取物的抗氧化和抗增殖潜力。此外，通过气相色谱 - 质谱联用（GC-MS）分析进行植物化学剖析。在提取物中，树皮对DPPH（IC₅₀：10.3 ± 0.7 μg/mL）和羟基（IC₅₀：3.9 ± 0.1 μg/mL）自由基的清除能力最高。此外，树皮的总抗氧化剂、还原能力和多酚含量高于其他提取物。树皮在MTT试验中对MCF - 7细胞也显示出显著的抗增殖能力（86.67%），其次是根（83.92%）、叶（44.09%）和根（25%）。此外，树皮、根、根和叶处理的艾氏腹水癌（EAC）细胞的生长抑制率分别为87.27%、80.45%、42.9%和37.27%。与未处理的EAC细胞相比，用这些提取物处理的EAC细胞的荧光显微镜分析显示出凋亡特征，如染色质浓缩、细胞收缩、细胞核碎片化和细胞膜起泡。树皮的GC-MS分析鉴定出18种化合物，包括各种醇、烯烃和酯。此外，分子对接研究表明草酸环己基十二烷基酯是对乳腺癌最具活性的化合物（-6.5）。总之，我们的结果表明树皮具有强大的抗氧化和抗增殖特性以及有效的抗肿瘤化合物，可用于治疗癌症。
