Lõhmus Asko
Department of Zoology, Institute of Ecology and Earth Sciences, University of Tartu, J. Liivi 2, EE50409 Tartu, Estonia.
Data Brief. 2024 Oct 9;57:111012. doi: 10.1016/j.dib.2024.111012. eCollection 2024 Dec.
Diversity and abundance of breeding birds are frequently reported and analysed as indicators of environmental change. However, such data available for forests typically contain either relative abundances based on snapshot observations or have been collected in small sample plots, which limit their distributional and ecological analysis across landscapes. I present a spatial dataset from three adjacent landscapes in Estonia (hemiboreal Europe), which has been obtained by standard multiple-visit mapping of nesting territories in 2020-2022. The records constitute the most likely centroids of distinct nesting territories of all 98 breeding species detected; these have been extracted and interpreted based on observations from an average 7-8 visits per season, and quality-assessed for three levels of spatial accuracy. One landscape was mapped in all three years, the others in either 2021 or 2022. The total area mapped was 14.3 km, including 86 % woodlands of diverse types and origins; a woodland characteristics dataset accompanies the bird data to facilitate habitat analysis. The paper describes the study plots; technical protocols of fieldwork and record interpretation; limitations (notably the likely missing of 10-20 % of pairs in most species); and possibilities to use the data in basic and applied ecological research. The main values of the dataset are that (i) it provides landscape-scale distribution map for the whole breeding assemblage of birds at high spatial precision, (ii) has accompanying woodland habitat data, and (iii) it also includes a repeatedly mapped landscape for detecting temporal variation in bird distributions.
繁殖鸟类的多样性和数量经常被作为环境变化的指标进行报告和分析。然而，现有的森林鸟类数据通常要么是基于快照观测的相对数量，要么是在小样本地块中收集的，这限制了它们在景观尺度上的分布和生态分析。我展示了来自爱沙尼亚（欧洲半寒带地区）三个相邻景观的空间数据集，该数据集是通过2020 - 2022年对筑巢领地进行标准的多次访问绘图获得的。这些记录构成了所检测到的98种繁殖鸟类不同筑巢领地最可能的中心点；这些中心点是根据每个季节平均7 - 8次访问的观测结果提取和解释的，并针对三个空间精度级别进行了质量评估。其中一个景观在这三年都进行了绘图，其他景观则在2021年或2022年进行了绘图。绘图总面积为14.3平方千米，包括86%不同类型和起源的林地；鸟类数据附带了一个林地特征数据集，以方便进行栖息地分析。本文描述了研究地块；实地调查和记录解释的技术规程；局限性（特别是大多数物种可能有10 - 20%的配对缺失）；以及在基础和应用生态研究中使用这些数据的可能性。该数据集的主要价值在于：（i）它以高空间精度提供了整个鸟类繁殖群落的景观尺度分布图，（ii）有附带的林地栖息地数据，（iii）它还包括一个重复绘图的景观，用于检测鸟类分布的时间变化。
