Parmar Nishaal, Sirpal Parikshat, Sikora William A, Dewald Julius P A, Refai Hazem H, Yang Yuan
University of Oklahoma, School of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Gallogly College of Engineering, Norman, Oklahoma, United States.
University of Oklahoma, Stephenson School of Biomedical Engineering, Norman, Oklahoma, United States.
Biomed Signal Process Control. 2024 Nov;97. doi: 10.1016/j.bspc.2024.106719. Epub 2024 Aug 7.
Following a stroke, compensation for the loss of ipsilesional corticospinal and corticobulbar projections, results in increased reliance on contralesional motor pathways during paretic arm movement. Better understanding outcomes of post-stroke contralesional cortical adaptation outcomes may benefit more targeted post-stroke motor rehabilitation interventions. This proof-of-concept study involves eight healthy controls and ten post-stroke participants. Electroencephalographic (EEG) and deltoid electromyographic (EMG) data were collected during an upper-limb task. Phase coupling between beta-band motor cortex EEG and deltoid EMG was assessed using the Multi-Phase Locking Value (M-PLV) method. Different from classic cortico-muscular coherence, M-PLV allows for the calculation of dynamic phase coherence and delays, and is not affected by the non-stationary nature of EEG/EMG signals. Nerve conduction delay from the contralateral motor cortex to the deltoid muscle of the paretic arm was estimated. Our results show the ipsilateral (contralesional) motor cortex beta-band phase coherence behavior is altered in stroke participants, with significant differences in ipsilateral EEG-EMG coherence values, ipsilateral time course percentage above the significance threshold, and ipsilateral time course area above the significance threshold. M-PLV phase coherence analysis provides evidence for post-stroke contralesional motor adaptation, highlighting its increased role in the paretic shoulder abduction task. Nerve conduction delay between the motor cortices and deltoid muscle is significantly higher in stroke participants. Beta-band M-PLV phase coherence analysis shows greater phase-coherence distribution convergence between the ipsilateral (contralesional) and contralateral (ipsilesional) motor cortices in stroke participants, which is interpretable as evidence of maladaptive neural adaptation resulting from a greater reliance on the contralesional motor cortices.
中风后，为补偿同侧皮质脊髓和皮质延髓投射的丧失，导致在患侧手臂运动期间对健侧运动通路的依赖增加。更好地了解中风后健侧皮质适应的结果可能有利于更有针对性的中风后运动康复干预。这项概念验证研究涉及8名健康对照者和10名中风后参与者。在上肢任务期间收集脑电图（EEG）和三角肌肌电图（EMG）数据。使用多相位锁定值（M-PLV）方法评估β波段运动皮层EEG与三角肌EMG之间的相位耦合。与经典的皮质-肌肉相干性不同，M-PLV允许计算动态相位相干性和延迟，并且不受EEG/EMG信号非平稳性的影响。估计从对侧运动皮层到患侧手臂三角肌的神经传导延迟。我们的结果表明，中风参与者同侧（健侧）运动皮层β波段相位相干行为发生改变，同侧EEG-EMG相干值、同侧高于显著性阈值的时间进程百分比以及同侧高于显著性阈值的时间进程面积存在显著差异。M-PLV相位相干分析为中风后健侧运动适应提供了证据，突出了其在患侧肩部外展任务中增加的作用。中风参与者运动皮层与三角肌之间神经传导延迟显著更高。β波段M-PLV相位相干分析表明，中风参与者同侧（健侧）和对侧（患侧）运动皮层之间的相位相干分布收敛性更大，这可解释为由于对健侧运动皮层的更大依赖导致的适应性不良神经适应的证据。
